NEET Questions on Morphology of Flowering Plants

NEET Questions on the Morphology of Flowering Plants consists of questions from topics like plant types, root systems, leaves, stems, fruits & seeds and so on. Students will be able to understand the chapter better if they solve questions from  NEET 2024 Questions on the Morphology of Flowering Plants.
The NEET exam biology chapter teaches students about the flower parts, structures and forms. It talks about the external structures of flowers and their forms. It provides knowledge about various plant parts such as roots, stems, leaves, fruits and flowers. It also gives insights on plant reproduction, classification and adaptation. Further, it also teaches the students about the plant characterization of plant organs, their functions and their relationship to one another, plant taxonomy etc. In this article, know in detail about the NEET EET Questions on the Morphology of Flowering Plants 2024 and more. 

List of NEET Questions on the Morphology of Flowering Plants

There are some important topics that students must study like plant types, plant families, seeds, leaves, stems etc that students must study during their biology paper preparations. Below is the list of NEET questions on the Morphology of Flowering Plants.

1. Which of the following tissues is responsible for water and mineral transport in plants?

a. Epidermal tissue

b. Parenchyma tissue

c. Collenchyma tissue

d. Vascular tissue

Answer: d. Vascular tissue

2. Which of the given is not a type of simple permanent tissue?

a. Parenchyma tissue

b. Collenchyma tissue

c. Sclerenchyma tissue

d. Xylem tissue

Answer: d. Xylem tissue

3. In a typical dicot stem, which of the mentioned tissues is present between the phloem & the pith?

• a. Cortex
• b. Cambium
• c. Endodermis
• d. Pericycle

Answer: a. Cortex

4. Which of the given is not a function of the root system in plants?

• a. Anchorage
• b. Absorption of water and minerals
• c. Photosynthesis
• d. Storage of food

Answer: c. Photosynthesis

5. Which of the mentioned is not a characteristic of monocot plants?

• a. Parallel venation in leaves
• b. Scattered vascular bundles in stem
• c. Fibrous root system
• d. Two cotyledons in seeds

Answer: d. Two cotyledons in seeds

6. In a typical leaf, which of the mentioned is not a function of the epidermal tissue?

• a. Protection
• b. Secretion
• c. Gas exchange
• d. Absorption

Answer: b. Secretion

7. Which of the stated is not a type of meristem tissue?

• a. Apical meristem
• b. Lateral meristem
• c. Intercalary meristem
• d. Vascular meristem

Answer: d. Vascular meristem

8. Which of the options is not a function of the stem in plants?

• a. Support
• b. Photosynthesis
• c. Conduction of water and minerals
• d. Storage of food

Answer: b. Photosynthesis

9. The arrangement of leaves on a stem is termed as:

• a. Venation
• b. Phyllotaxy
• c. Internode
• d. Stolon

Answer: b. Phyllotaxy

10 Which of the given is a characteristic feature of gymnosperms?

• a. Naked seeds
• b. Flowers
• c. Fruits
• d. Vascular tissue

Answer: a. Naked seeds

11. The primary function of the root cap in a plant is called as:

• a. Absorption of water and minerals
• b. Anchoring the plant in the soil
• c. Protection of the root tip during growth
• d. Photosynthesis

Answer: c. Protection of the root tip during growth

12. The root system type found in most dicot plants is called:

• a. Taproot system
• b. Fibrous root system
• c.  Adventitious root system
• d. Prop root system

Answer: a. Taproot system

13. In dicot stems the vascular bundles are rowed in a:

• a. Ring
• b. Scattered pattern
• c. Concentric circle
• d. None of the above

Answer: a. Ring

14. Which of the given plant parts develops from the ovule after fertilization?

• a. Seed
• b. Fruit
• c.  Flower
• d. Root

Answer: a. Seed

15. In monocot leaves, the arrangement  of vascular bundles is called:

• a. Scattered
• b. Parallel
• c. Netted
• d. Whorled

Answer: b. Parallel

16. The modified leaf that protects the flower in its bud stage is said as:

• a. Sepal
• b. Petal
• c. Stamen
• d. Carpel

Answer: a. Sepal

17. Which part of the plant contains pollen grains:

• a. Sepal
• b. Petal
• c. Stamen
• d. Carpel

Answer: c. Stamen

18. In a typical flower, what is the female reproductive part called:

• a. Sepal
• b. Petal
• c. Stamen
• d. Carpel

Answer: d. Carpel

19. The condition of having both male and female reproductive organs in one flower is called:

• a. Dioecious
• b. Monoecious
• c. Perfect
• d. Imperfect

Answer: c. Perfect

20. The swollen base part of the pistil where ovules are found is called the:

• a. Stigma
• b. Style
• c. Ovary
• d. Filament

Answer: c. Ovary

NEET 2024 Questions on the Morphology of Flowering Plants with Explanation

Students can go through the NEET 2024 Questions on the Morphology of Flowering Plants with Explanation stated below. 

Q 1. Which of the following are examples of axial placentation:

1. China Rose, Petunia, and Lemon
2. Mustard, Cucumber, and Primrose
3. Chine rose, Beans, and Lupin
4. Tomato, Dianthus, and Pea

Answer: d. Tomato, Dianthus, and Pea.

Explanation: Axile placentation refers to the arrangement of ovules within an ovary where the ovules are attached to the central column. This placentation type is observed in certain plant species. Among the options provided, dianthus (a genus that consists of carnations), tomato and pea (legume family member) depict axile placentation.

Q 2. In Calotropis, aestivation is called:

1. Valvate
2. Vexillary
3. Imbricate
4. Twisted

Answer: c, Imbricate

Explanation: Imbricate – Calotropis has imbricate aestivation, where there is a regular overlapping in the stems and petals.

Q 3. Roots growing vertically upwards like conical spikes and having aerating pores are called

1. Mycorrhizal
2. Assimilatory
3. Pneumatophores
4. Conical

Answer: c, Pneumatophores

Explanation: Pneumatophores are roots that grow up vertically and have aerial pores, this allows them to absorb more oxygen from the air compared to other plants. They commonly grow in marshy habitats or areas with shallow water where they can support the plant.

Q 4. A form of the underground stem containing a food reserve that is short and vertical is called

1. Corm
2. Rhizome
3. Tuber
4. Bulb

Answer: a. Corm

Explanation: A corm is a form of underground stem that serves as a storage organ for food reserves in the plant body. It is short & vertical, with a swollen base which contains nutrients. Corms in plants such as gladiolus, crocus, & taro are typically rounded or oval-shaped.

Q 5. In Bougainville, thorns are the modified versions of

1. stipules
2. leaf
3. stem
4. adventitious root

Answer: c, stem

Explanation: In Bougainville, thorns are the modified versions of the stem. Thorns are sharp, pointed structures that grow from various parts of the plant. For the Bougainville Plant, the thorns are modified stems. These modified stems are often hardened and act as a protection for the plants. Thorns can also act as a defence mechanism against herbivores.

Q 6. Indigofera, Sesbania, Salvia, Allium, Aloe, Mustard, radishes, chickpeas, and turnips have stamens of ______ different lengths of the flower.

1. Six
2. Five
3. Four
4. Three

Answer: a, Six

Explanation: Each plant consists of a minimum of two kinds of stamens that are different in size. The various length of stamens is an example of one of the morphological characteristics that can be used to distinguish between flowering plant species.

Q 7. Which of the following is not a stem modification?

1. Thorns of citrus
2. Pitcher of Nepenthes
3. Flattened structures of Opuntia
4. Tendrils of cucumber

Answer: b, Pitcher of Nepenthes

Explanation: Pitcher of Nepenthes is an adaptation to capture insects & not a stem modification.

Q 8. In the cymose type of inflorescence in a plant which of the phenomena happens:

1. The main axis continues to grow & the flowers are borne in acropetal succession.
2. The main axis continues to grow and the flowers are borne in basipetal succession.
3. Growth is limited & the flowers are borne in basipetal succession.
4. Growth is limited & the flowers are borne in acropetal succession.

Answer: a. The main axis continues to grow & the flowers are borne in acropetal succession.

Explanation: In a cymose type of inflorescence, the growth is usually limited & the flowers are borne in acropetal succession. This often means that the main axis of the inflorescence terminates in a flower, and subsequent flowers grow in a basipetal (downward) sequence, with the youngest flowers situated at the top & the oldest ones at the bottom. The growth of the main axis is restricted, often resulting in a determinate inflorescence pattern.

Q 9. Which of the following is correctly associated with its three characteristics?

1. Maize: C3 pathway, closed vascular bundles, scutellum
2. Onion: bulb, imbricate aestivation, axile placentation
3. Tomato: twisted aestivation, axile placentation, berry
4. Pea: C3 pathway, endospermic seed, vexillary aestivation

Answer: a. Maize: C3 pathway, closed vascular bundles, scutellum

Explanation: Maize plant follows the C4 pathway for carbon fixation, not the C3 pathway. Additionally, the vascular bundles in the maize plant are open, not closed.

Q 10. Which of the following is a xerophyte where the stems vary in flat green colour and are of juicy structure?

1. Acacia
2. Hydrrilla
3. Casuarina
4. Opuntia

Answer: d.Opuntia

Explanation: The Opuntia plant is a xerophytic plant whose stem transforms into a flat, green structure, these types of stems are called cladodes. Opuntia, also known as prickly pear or cactus, has flattened green stems which are termed cladodes that are succulent & green. These modified stems allow the plant to survive in arid environments by storing water in themselves.

Q 11. “Often Plants growing in swamps have roots that grow vertically upwards like conical spikes and have aerating pores”. What are such roots called?

1. pneumatophores
2. mycorrhizal
3. conical
4. assimilatory

Answer: a. Pneumatophores

Explanation: The plant's roots growing in swamps grow vertically upwards like conical spikes and have aerating pores. These types of roots are roots are called pneumatophores & they allow the plant to take in oxygen even from water-logged soils. They often act as stilts for support when the water level rises & provide stability to the growing plants.

Q 12. The parasitic plant Cuscuta roots are of

1. climbing
2. prop or stilt
3. mycorrhizal
4. haustoria

Answer: d. haustoria.

Explanation: The parasitic plant Cuscuta roos is highly modified and is known as haustoria, which penetrates the host plants to take nutrients from them.

Q 13. Along green stem with long internodes growing horizontally on the surface of the soil is called: 

1. runner
2. sucker
3. stolon
4. offset

Answer: c. stolon

Explanation: Stolons are horizontal stems that grow above or below the soil ground, producing roots & shoots along their length. They can be utilized for vegetative propagation, allowing the spreading of a single plant to cover a large area.

Q 14. The leaf-like, short, green, flattened branches growing from the axils of reduced leaves are called: 

1. phylloclade
2. cladode
3. phyllode
4. stipule

Answer: c. Phyllode.

Explanation: A phyllode is a short, green, flat branch that looks like a leaf & grows in the axil of a reduced-scale leaf. They aid plants in conserving water and help in photosynthesis as they lack several true leaf functions. 

Q 15. “A leaf is a leaf in which veins of the same size, such as midribs, protrude from the petiole to the edge of the leaf to form a network.” Which type of leaf is that? 

1. reticulate pinnate
2. reticulate palmate
3. parallel pinnate
4. parallel palmate

Answer: a. reticulate pinnate.

Explanation: The leaf type in which many equally strong veins grow from the petiole towards the margin of the leaf. Thus, forming a network is called reticulate pinnate.
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