CLAT 2024 Daily Practice Questions for 17 October 2023

CLAT 2024 Daily Practice Questions for 17 October 2023: CLAT 2024 exam will be conducted on December 3, 2023 and the applicants preparing for the exam must bring all attention on practising the CLAT sample questions 2023 only. Here are the daily CLAT practice questions for the day, October 17 from the English Language section. These practice sample CLAT questions 2024 will help you increase your reading speed of the long unseen passages and to plan the strategy to answer efficiently. Practice the shared CLAT 2024 sample questions for your exam preparation!

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CLAT 2024 Daily Practice Questions for 17 October 2023

Here is the set of daily questions for CLAT 2024 for 17 October 2023 from the English Language section based on a passage given below. These have been derived from CLAT previous Years’ question papers.

Unseen Passage:
The modern animal rights movement, which originated in the 1970s, may be understood as a reaction to dominant emphases within science and religion (principally, though not exclusively, Christianity). When the Jesuit Joseph Rickaby wrote in 1888 that “Brute beasts, not having understanding and therefore not being persons, cannot have any rights” and that we have “no duties of charity or duties of any kind to the lower animals as neither to stocks and stones”, he was only articulating, albeit in an extreme form, the moral insensitivity that has characterized the Western view of animals.

That insensitivity is the result of an amalgam of influences. The first, and for many years the most dominant, was the “other worldly” or “world denying” tendency in Christianity, which has, at its worst, denigrated the value of earthly things in comparison with things spiritual. Traditional Catholicism has divided the world into those beings that possess reason and therefore immortal souls, and those that do not. Christian spirituality has not consciously been at home with the world of non-human creatures-either animal or vegetable. Classic accounts of eternal life as found in Augustine of Hippo, Thomas Aquinas, or John Calvin make little or no reference to the world of animals. Animals, it seems, are merely transient or peripheral beings in an otherwise wholly human-centric economy of salvation.

The second idea-common to Christianity, Judaism, and Islam-is that animals, along with vegetables and minerals, exist instrumentally in relation to human beings; they are made for human beings, even belong to human beings, as resources in creation. This idea predates Christianity and is found notably in Aristotle, who argues that “since nature makes nothing to no purpose, it must be that nature has made them for the sake of man”. This idea, largely unsupported by scripture, was nevertheless taken over by Aquinas, who conceived of creation as a rational hierarchy in which the intellectually inferior existed for the sake of the intellectually superior.

Such instrumentalism, which features rationality as the key factor dividing human beings from “brute beasts,” has in turn buttressed the third influence, namely the notion of human superiority in creation. Human superiority need not, by itself, have led to the neglect of animal life, but when combined with the biblical ideas of being made “in the image of God” and God’s preferential choice to become incarnate in human form, some sense of moral as well as theological ascendancy was indicated. As a result, Christianity, and to a lesser extent Judaism, have been characterized historically by an overwhelming concern for humanity in creation rather than an egalitarian concern for all forms of God-given life. That humans are more important than animals, and that they self-evidently merit moral solicitude in a way that animals cannot, has become religious doctrine. Thus the Catechism of the Catholic Church maintains that “it is . . . unworthy to spend money on them [animals] that should as a priority go to the relief of human misery”.

These influences have in turn enabled and justified the scientific exploration of the natural world and specifically the subjection of animals to experimentation. Francis Bacon pursued his scientific investigations in the belief that humanity should “recover that right over nature which belongs to it by divine bequest”. René Descartes famously likened the movements of a swallow to the workings of a clock, and maintained that “There is no prejudice to which we are more accustomed from our earliest years than the belief that dumb animals think”.

Question 1. Jesuit Joseph Rickaby’s articulation on animals may be termed as:

1. Eco-centric view of animals
2. Anthropocentric view of animals
3. Ethnocentric view of animals
4. Androcentric view of animals

Question 2. According to the author, how did Christianity contribute to insensitivity of the West towards animals?

1. It denigrated the value of earthly things in comparison with spiritual things.
2. It divided the world into beings with and without reason.
3. It propagated as if animals are transient or peripheral in human centric economy of salvation.
4. All the above.

Question 3. Which of the following is closest to the meaning of the word ‘instrumentalism’ as used in the passage?

1. Pragmatism
2. Idealism
3. Egalitarianism
4. None of the above

Question 4. Which of the following is not true in the context of the passage?

1. Western philosophy and science are both under the influence of religion.
2. Western philosophical views on animals have been influenced by religious notions about them.
3. Western religious notions on animals have justified subjection of animals to scientific experimentation.
4. Some of the scientific views on animals have been influenced by religious notions about them.

Question 5. It may be inferred from René Descartes’ view that

1. It is irrational to assume that animals have awareness and some mental capacities.
2. Animals are automata or they act mechanically.
3. Neither (A) nor (B)
4. Both (A) and (B)

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