GATE 2025 Economics Syllabus (XH - C1) - Topics, Sample Questions, Exam Pattern, Best Books

GATE 2025 Economics syllabus has been released by IIT Roorkee at gate2025.iitr.ac.in. The GATE Economics Syllabus includes various topics such as  Microeconomics, Macroeconomics, Statistics, Econometrics Mathematical Economics, etc.

GATE 2025 Economics Syllabus: IIT Roorkee has released the GATE 2025 Economics syllabus on its official website. The GATE XH-C1 includes subjects such as Microeconomics, Macroeconomics, Statistics, Econometrics and Mathematical Economics, International Economics, Public Economics, Development Economics, and Indian Economics. All of these topics consist of sub-topics that you need to know to qualify for the GATE 2025 exam. The GATE 2025 Economics exam will be conducted on February 15, 2025, in a forenoon shift from 2:30 pm to 5:30 pm. During the last year, 2,721 students appeared for the GATE Economics exam, which makes it a less popular paper in comparison to others. The preparation of the GATE 2025 Economics syllabus includes studying from the recommended and reputed books, understanding the GATE economics exam pattern, regularly solving sample questions, etc. This article contains all the details of the GATE Economics syllabus 2025 such as important topics, sample question papers, GATE Economics paper pattern, best books, etc. Check out all the details of the GATE 2025 Economics exam below.
Quick link:GATE 2025 Humanities & Social Sciences: Exam Date (Feb 15), Syllabus, Question Papers, Pattern, Cutoff

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GATE Economics Syllabus 2025 PDF Download

Students must refer to the official GATE Economics Syllabus PDF 2025 only for exam preparation. The GATE 2025 syllabus PDF includes topics and chapters from which questions will be asked in the exam. Get the official GATE 2025 Economics syllabus PDF link by clicking on the link given below:-

GATE 2025 Economics (XH - C1) Syllabus & Important Topics

Before you move towards the preparation strategy, you must get acquainted with the GATE Economics Syllabus. The GATE Economics syllabus 2025 comprises a total of seven topics, which then further include different numbers of sub-topics. 

S.No.

Sections

Sub Topics

Important Topics

1

Microeconomics

  • Theory of Consumer Behaviour
  • Cardinal Approach and Ordinal
  • Approach
  • Consumer Preferences
  • Nature of the utility function
  • Marshallian and Hicksian
  • demand functions
  • Duality Theorem
  • Slutsky Equation and Comparative Statics
  • Homogeneous and Homothetic Utility Functions 
  • Euler’s Theorem
  • The Theory of Revealed Preference
  • Weak Axiom of Revealed Preference and Strong Axiom of Revealed Preference
  • Theory of Production and Costs
  • Short-run and Long-run Analysis
  • Existence
  • Uniqueness and Stability of Market Equilibrium
  • Walrasian and Marshallian Stability Analysis
  • The Cobweb Model
  • Decision-making under uncertainty and risk
  • Asymmetric Information
  • Adverse Selection and Moral Hazard
  • Theory of Agency costs
  • The Theory of Search
  • Non-Cooperative games
  • Constant sum game
  • Mixed Strategy & Pure Strategy
  • Bayesian Nash Equilibrium
  • SPNE
  • Perfect Bayesian Equilibria
  • Theory of the Firm
  • Market Structures
  • Competitive and Non-competitive equilibria and their efficiency properties
  • Structure-Conduct-Performance Paradigm
  • Factor Pricing: Marginal productivity
  • Theory of Distribution in Perfectly Competitive markets
  • Theory of Employment in Imperfectly Competitive Markets
  • Monopolistic Exploitation
  • General Equilibrium Analysis
  • Welfare Economics
  • Fundamental Theorems
  • Social Welfare Function
  • Efficiency Criteria: Pareto-Optimality
  • Slutsky Equation and Comparative Statics
  • Non-Cooperative games
  • Constant sum game
  • Mixed Strategy & Pure Strategy
  • Bayesian Nash Equilibrium
  • Monopolistic Exploitation
  • General Equilibrium Analysis
  • Welfare Economics
  • Walrasian and Marshallian Stability Analysis
  • The Cobweb Model

2

Macroeconomics

  • National Income Accounting
  • Closed Economy Concepts and Measurement and Open Economy Issues
  • Determination of output and employment
  • Classical & Keynesian Framework 
  • Theories of Consumption: Absolute Income Hypothesis
  • Relative Income Hypothesis
  • Life Cycle Hypothesis 
  • Permanent Income Hypothesis and Robert Hall’s Random Walk Model 
  • Investment Function Specifications
  • Dale Jorgenson’s Neoclassical Theory of Capital Accumulation and Tobin’s
  • Keynesian Stabilization Policies, (Autonomous) Multipliers and Investment Accelerator
  • Demand and Supply of Money
  • Components of Money Supply
  • Liquidity Preference and the Liquidity Trap
  • Money Multiplier 
  • Interest Rate determination
  • Central Banking, Objectives
  • Prudential Regulation
  • Quantitative Easing 
  • Commercial Banking,
  • Non-Banking Financial Institutions 
  • Capital Market and it's Regulation
  • Theories of Inflation and Expectations
  • Augmented Phillips Curve
  • Real Business Cycles 
  • Adaptive Expectations Hypothesis
  • Rational Expectation Hypothesis and its critique.
  • Closed Economy IS-LM Model and Mundell Fleming Model:
  • Monetary and Fiscal Policy Efficacy.
  • The Impossible Trinity.
  • Determination of output and employment
  • Classical & Keynesian Framework 
  • Relative Income Hypothesis
  • Life Cycle Hypothesis 
  • Keynesian Stabilization Policies, (Autonomous) Multipliers and Investment Accelerator
  • Demand and Supply of Money
  • Components of Money Supply
  • Liquidity Preference and the Liquidity Trap
  • Money Multiplier 
  • Interest Rate determination
  • Closed Economy IS-LM Model and Mundell Fleming Model:

3

  • Probability Theory
  • Concepts of probability 
  • Probability Distributions (Discrete and Continuous) 
  • Central Limit Theorem
  • Index Numbers and Construction of Price Indices, Sampling Methods & Sampling Distribution,
  • Statistical Inferences 
  • Hypothesis Testing
  • Linear Regression
  • Models and the Gauss Markov Theorem 
  • Heteroscedasticity
  • Multicollinearity and Autocorrelation
  • Spurious regressions and Unit roots
  • Simultaneous Equation Models -Recursive and non-recursive
  • Identification Problem
  • Differential Calculus and its Applications,
  • Linear Algebra
  • Matrices
  • Applications of Cramer’s Rule 
  • Static Optimization
  • Problems and Applications 
  • Input-Output Model
  • Linear Programming
  • Difference equations and Differential equations with applications
  • Statistical Inferences 
  • Hypothesis Testing
  • Linear Regression
  • Models and the Gauss Markov Theorem
  • Linear Algebra
  • Matrices
  • Applications of Cramer’s Rule 
  • Input-Output Model
  • Linear Programming

4

  • Theories of International Trade
  • International Trade under Imperfect Competition
  • Gains from Trade 
  • Terms of Trade
  • Trade Multiplier
  • Tariff and Non-Tariff Barriers to Trade
  • Dumping and Anti-Dumping Policies 
  • GATT, WTO, and Regional Trade Blocks
  • Trade Policy Issues
  • Balance of Payments: Composition Equilibrium and Disequilibrium and Adjustment Mechanisms
  • Foreign Exchange Market and Arbitrage
  • Exchange rate determination
  • IMF & World Bank.
  • Gains from Trade 
  • Terms of Trade
  • Trade Multiplier
  • Tariff and Non-Tariff Barriers to Trade
  • Dumping and Anti-Dumping Policies 
  • Foreign Exchange Market and Arbitrage
  • Exchange rate determination
  • IMF & World Bank

5

  • Market Failure and Remedial Measures: Asymmetric Information
  • Public Goods
  • Externality
  • Regulation of Market- Collusion and Consumers
  • Welfare
  • Public Revenue: Tax & Non-Tax Revenue
  • Direct & Indirect Taxes
  • Progressive and non-Progressive Taxation
  • Incidence and Effects of Taxation 
  • Public expenditure
  • Public Debt and its Management 
  • Public Budget and Budget Multiplier
  •  Tax Incidence
  • Fiscal Policy and its Implications
  • Environment as a Public Good
  • Market Failure
  • Coase Theorem
  • Cost-Benefit Analysis.
  • Regulation of Market- Collusion and Consumers
  • Direct & Indirect Taxes
  • Progressive and non-Progressive Taxation
  • Incidence and Effects of Taxation 
  • Public expenditure
  • Public Debt and its Management 
  • Public Budget and Budget Multiplier
  •  Tax Incidence

6

  • Theories of Economic Development: Adam Smith, David Ricardo, Karl Marx, J.Schumpeter, W. Rostow 
  • Balanced & Unbalanced Growth 
  • Big Push Approach
  • Indicators of Economic Development: HDI, SDGs, MDGs
  • Poverty and Inequalities- Concepts and Measurement Issues
  • Social Sector Development 
  • Health
  • Education
  • Gender
  • Fertility
  • Morbidity
  • Mortality
  • Migration
  • Child Labor
  • Age Structure
  • Demographic Dividend 
  • Models of Economic Growth: Harrod-Domar, Solow. Ramsey
  • Technical progress- Disembodied & Embodied
  • Endogenous Growth Models.
  • Big Push Approach
  • Indicators of Economic Development: HDI, SDGs, MDGs
  • Social Sector Development 
  • Health
  • Education
  • Models of Economic Growth: Harrod-Domar, Solow. Ramsey

7

  • Economic Growth in India: Pattern and Structure
  • Agriculture
  • Industry & Services Sector: Pattern & Structure of Growth, Major Challenges
  • Policy Responses
  • Rural & Urban Development- Issues, Challenges & Policy Responses
  • The flow of Foreign Capital
  • Trade Policies
  • Infrastructure Development: Physical and Social
  • Public-Private Partnerships
  • Reforms in Land
  • Labour and Capital Markets
  • Poverty
  • Inequality & Unemployment
  • The Functioning of Monetary Policy in India 
  • Fiscal Policy in the Indian Context: Structure of Receipts and Expenditure
  • Tax reforms-Goods and Services Tax
  • Issues of Growth and Equity
  • Fiscal Federalism
  • Centre-State Financial Relations and Finance Commissions of India
  • Sustainability of Deficits and Debt
  • The Fiscal Responsibility and Budget Management Act 2003
  • Demonetization and aftermath
  • India’s balance of payments
  • Composition of India’s Trade
  • Competitiveness of India’s exports
  • India’s exchange rate policy
  • Policy Responses
  • Rural & Urban Development- Issues, Challenges & Policy Responses
  • The flow of Foreign Capital
  • Tax reforms-Goods and Services Tax
  • Issues of Growth and Equity
  • The Fiscal Responsibility and Budget Management Act 2003
  • Competitiveness of India’s exports
  • India’s exchange rate policy

GATE 2025 Economics Core Concepts

In the GATE Economics paper, the student's ability to understand and interpret written information, which is important to research in the humanities and social sciences, is tested. The segment will not test language skills specifically in terms of grammar, vocabulary, etc. rather, the examination focuses on critical thinking and analysis of the text and its rhetorical and stylistic structure. The GATE economics questions will test the student’s skills in the following areas:-

  • Reading Comprehension: The ability to understand and answer complex language questions.
  • Expression: The questions about stylistic and rhetorical aspects of a short passage that corrects or modifies specific sentences.
  • Analytical reasoning: The ability to understand relationships and draw reasonable conclusions from the statements.
  • Logical reasoning: Critically thinking to evaluate or predict an argument, identify the principal and back up arguments, predict results, etc.

GATE 2025 Economics Exam Pattern

Before going into full-fledged exam preparations, you must be aware of the GATE 2025 Economics exam pattern. The GATE Economics paper pattern will help you gain an understanding of the pattern of the question paper, the number of sections, and the number of questions to be asked in the GATE 2025 exam pattern. We have explained the GATE Economics exam pattern in detail below:

ParticularsDetails
Duration3 hours
ModeOnline (Computer Based Test)
MediumEnglish
Number of SectionsTwo:
  • General Aptitude (15 Marks)

  • Economics (85 Marks)

Number of Questions65
Types of Questions
  • Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)

  • Multiple Select Questions (MSQs)

  • Numerical Answer Type (NAT) Questions

Negative Marking
  • For a 1-mark MCQ, 1/3 mark will be deducted for a wrong answer.

  • For a 2-mark MCQ, 2/3 mark will be deducted for a wrong answer.

  • There is no negative marking for wrong answer(s) to MSQ or NAT questions.

  • There is no partial marking in MSQ.

Sample Question Papers for GATE Economics Paper

Preparing for an entrance exam with the help of some constrictive preparatory methods always involves solving GATE sample papers or a question paper from the previous year. Since the GATE 2025 Economics paper was introduced last year only, an attempt to solve a good number of sample questions will help students estimate their preparations before the exam date. To access the GATE Economics Paper Sample Questions, you need to click on the link below.

GATE Economics Paper Exam Pattern and Marking Scheme 2025

If you are willing to appear on the GATE economic paper, you must be aware of the GATE Economics paper pattern and marking scheme. Below is the detailed GATE 2025 exam pattern and marking scheme followed for the GATE Economics paper-

Name of the Section

Number of Questions 

Question Type

Mark Distribution (Total Marks- 60)

Reading Comprehension

General Aptitude

14

MCQ (Multiple Choice Questions)

14 questions x 1 marks  = 14 marks

Expression

10

MCQ (Multiple Choice Questions)

10 questions x 2 marks  = 20 marks

Analytical reasoning

4

MSQ (Multiple Select Questions)

4 questions x 2 marks = 8 marks

Logical reasoning

6

NAT (Numerical Answer Type)

6 questions x 1 marks = 6 marks

6

NAT (Numerical Answer Type)

6 questions x 2 marks= 12 Marks

Best Books for GATE Economics 2025

Books are an important part of your GATE exam preparations, you must select the best books that cover the complete GATE Economics syllabus 2025. It is also recommended that you only get the most recommended books for the GATE 2025 Economics exam. Some of the best books for GATE 2025 exam preparation for the Economics subject are listed below:-

GATE Economics Books

Authors/ Publishers

UGC-NET: Economics (Paper-II) Exam Guide

Sanjay Kumar

UGC NET Economics 

Arihant

Macro Economics Analysis by Edward Shapiro

H.L. Ahuja

Indian Economy

Mishra & Puri

Micro Economics: Anna Koutsoyiannis

H.L. Ahuja

Public Finance

S.K. Singh

Statistics and Econometrics

B. L. Agarwal

International Trade

Bo Sodersten

GATE 2025 Economics Four Months Preparation Plan

As the GATE 2025 exam is nearing, you must come up with an effective study plan to boost your exam preparations. You can follow various GATE 2025 exam preparation tips to ensure you are not falling behind. You can refer to the following table to get a verse idea to complete the GATE Economics syllabus 2025 on time and have ample amount of time for revisions:-

Preparation Time

4 Months or 16 Weeks

GATE Economics (XH - C1) Total Chapters or  Topics to Prepare

7

Total Sub-Topics in GATE Economics (XH - C1)

60+

Studying Hours Per Day 

4 to 5 Hours

Number of Days Required to Prepare Each Chapter

12 Days 

Number of Chapters Completed in a Month

2 Chapters

Break Days or Extra Days Each Month

2 to 3 Days

Time Taken to Complete GATE Economics (XH - C1) Syllabus

3 Months

Remaining Time

1 Month

Days to Solve GATE Economics (XH - C1) Sample Papers/ Model Papers/ Mock Tests

20 Days

Days Left for Final Revision

10 Days

Related Articles

We hope that you find this article on the GATE 2025 Economics Syllabus informative and helpful. For more information stay tuned to CollegeDekho!

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FAQs

How tough is GATE economics?

The GATE economics paper is a postgraduate-level exam, making it significantly difficult for students. Generally, the difficulty level of the GATE Economics exam is moderate.

Is the GATE 2025 syllabus released?

Yes, IIT Roorkee has released the GATE 2025 syllabus on its official website

What is the syllabus of GATE Economics Exam?

GATE 2024 Economics Syllabus (XH-C1) comprises of Microeconomics, Macroeconomics, Statistics, Econometrics and Mathematical Economics, International Economics, Public Economics, Development Economics, and Indian Economy.
 

Who can apply for the GATE 2025 Economics Exam?

GATE 2025 candidates must have successfully completed one of the following degrees: B.Tech, B.E., B.Pharm, B.Arch, B.Sc. (Research), B.S., M. Sc., M.A., MCA, Professional Society Examination (equivalent to B.Tech, B.E., or B.Arch), Integrated B.S.-M.S., Integrated M.Sc., Integrated M.E./ M.Tech (Post- You need a bachelor's degree in an economics-related subject to apply for GATE 2025 economics.
 

What is GATE 2025 Economics exam pattern?

The exam pattern of Gate General Aptitude and Economics 2025 has three sections namely- General aptitude, reading comprehension and GATE Economics (XH-C1). General aptitude will consist of 10 questions for 15 marks, Reading comprehension will make up for 25 marks across 15 questions and the most important section GATE economics will have 40 questions of 60 marks making it a total of 180 marks.
 

Is GATE 2025 going to be conducted?

Yes, GATE 2025 is scheduled to be conducted on February 1, 2, 15 and 16, 2024. 
 

Who will take GATE in 2025?

IIT Roorkee will conduct GATE 2025 Exam.
 

Is there GATE for Economics?

Yes, other than Engineering sand technical fields, GATE is conducted for various streams, including commerce and arts (especially, Economics).
 

GATE Previous Year Question Paper

GATE Production and Industrial Engineering (PI) Question Paper 2019

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