B Tech Syllabus and Subjects 2025

BTech Syllabus focus on subjects related to computer applications and technology. The BTech Syllabus Semester Wise is designed to equip candidates with a comprehensive understanding of computer programming, business software and several other engineering applications that ensure they are job ready for their future. This can be achieved through hands on experience such as industrial visits, internships and in house lab work, which assists candidates in staying informed about the evolving technologies and trends in the emerging business environment that helps them to excel in their workspace.

Bachelor of Technology is a highly sought courses for candidates who have completed class 12. BTech syllabus and subjects include Engineering Mathematics, Physics, Chemistry, data structures and algorithms, digital electronics, operating systems, database management systems, and foundational engineering courses (like mechanics, electronics, etc). The BTech Syllabus 2025 is a perfect mixture of core B Tech Subjects and Electives, practical training via lab work, soft skill development, a final year research project, and internship possibilities. The course offers vast options for BTech specializations covering Civil Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Electrical Engineering, Computer Science Engineering, etc.

BTech Subjects 1st year covers Chemistry, Mathematics 1, Physics 1, Data Structures, Writing Skills, Environmental Studies. The BTech Syllabus 2025 taught in the classes helps the candidates achieve a lot of transferable skills, such as critical thinking, problem-solving, active learning, analytical aptitude, innovation, and technological know-how of the industrial working. Check the detailed B Tech Syllabus and Subjects here.

Candidates can check the BTech subjects highlights from the table below.

BTech is a 4 year course that covers 8 semesters. BTech Subjects 1st year is same for all the specializations. The entire BTech syllabus can be divided into Core Subjects, Elective Subjects and Lab Subjects. However, here, we have mentioned the general BTech Subjcets covering all the semesters. 

First Year B.Tech Subjects (Semester 1 & 2)

The table below consists of BTech Subjects 1st year divided into B Tech Semester 1 & 2 subjects. 

Second Year B.Tech Subjects (Semester 3 & 4)

Check the  B Tech Semester 3 & 4 subjects here.

Third Year B.Tech Subjects (Semester 5 & 6)

The table below consists of BTech Subjects 3rd year divided into B Tech Semester 5 & 6 subjects. 

Final Year B.Tech Subjects (Semester 7 & 8)

The table below consists of BTech Subjects 4th year divided into B Tech Semester 7 & 8 subjects. 

Bachelor of Technology or BTech revolves around several specialisations, which are divided into subjects that are taught throughout the course duration. Therefore for a better understanding, we have discussed the BTech subjects for some popular specialisations in the table below. 

BTech Syllabus - Electrical Engineering 

BTech Electrical Engineering focuses on the design, functioning, and upkeep of electrical devices along with electromagnetic principles. The course curriculum for the BTech in Electrical Engineering includes topics such as electrical circuit theory and analysis, applications of electromagnetism, signal processing, understanding electrical equipment, electronics and instrumentation, as well as machine control. Students can review the general list of B Tech subjects provided below:

Computer Science Engineering BTech Syllabus

The BTech curriculum for the CSE program encompasses fundamental programming concepts, applied mathematics, and engineering physics, which are mandatory courses across all engineering disciplines. Additional subjects included in the B Tech syllabus are Data Structures and Algorithms, Computer Architecture, Database Management, and Networks and Communication, among others. The table provided below outlines all the key subjects that are covered in various semesters for the BTech CSE program:

Civil Engineering BTech Syllabus

BTech in Civil Engineering is a four-year undergraduate program focused on the design, construction, and safety of various structures and buildings. The subjects covered in the B Tech Civil Engineering curriculum focus on topics such as building design and planning, solid and fluid mechanics, structural analysis, and soil surveying, among others. Below is a table displaying the general syllabus for the BTech Civil Engineering program.

Mechanical Engineering BTech Syllabus

B Tech Mechanical Engineering Syllabus encompasses both mandatory and optional subjects that equip students with in-depth knowledge regarding the design, creation, manufacturing, and evaluation of mechanical systems and equipment. While the B Tech subjects may vary from one university to another, the core subjects tend to be largely similar across institutions. The general B.Tech syllabus for Mechanical Engineering can be found in the table provided below:

BTech Syllabus - Electronics and Communication Engineering 

B Tech Syllabus ECE comprises key core and elective subjects. Significant subjects include Electrical Technology, Electronics, Signals and Systems, Digital Electronic Circuits, and Network Theory. Students are encouraged to review the semester-wise subjects for the BTech ECE course listed below.

Also Read - B Tech Course List

BTech subjects can be divided into core subjects, elective subjects, and lab subjects. The core subjects are the ones that are compulsory for the candidates to study throughout the tenure of the BTech course. On the other hand, elective or optional subjects as the name suggests are the ones that can be chosen and studied in the course duration. It is to be noted that the elective subjects are scoring in nature. Apart from the elective and the core subjects, candidates will also have to study lab subjects that will help them acquire professional and practical knowledge about the specialisation that the candidate is opting for. 

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The common BTech syllabus subjects for all the semesters have been listed below. Usually, BTech subjects 1st year are common for all specialisations. The semester-wise BTech subjects for all the streams differ for all the years therein.

1st Semester BTech Subjects

The common subjects in the first semester of the BTech syllabus are:

• Joy of Engineering
• Communication and Professional Skills
• Workshop Practice
• Computing Fundamentals & C
• Chemistry
• Mathematics 1
• Physics 1

2nd Semester BTech Subjects

The common subjects in the second semester of the BTech syllabus are:

• World Civilisations
• Data Structures
• Writing Skills
• Environmental Studies
• Mathematics 2
• Physics 2
• Basic Electrical and Electronic Practice

Here, candidates will be able to figure out the significant differences in similar BTech specialisations. One of the biggest examples of this scenario is the BTech CSE Syllabus vs BTech Information Technology. There are many other similar cases. Let us check each of them one by one.

BTech IT Syllabus v/s BTech CSE Syllabus

B.Tech CSE and B.Tech IT are two distinct programs in the field of engineering. Here are some differences between the course curriculums.

• While B.Tech CSE focuses on the science behind computer applications that range from individual microprocessors to personal computers and supercomputers, B.Tech IT subjects cover subjects relating to the application of electronic devices and software for processing, storing, transferring, and retrieving data in real-world operations. 
• B.Tech CSE has a broader scope when compared to B.Tech IT as it enables and supports the operation of computer applications through scientific principles.

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BTech Mechanical Engineering Syllabus vs BTech Electrical Engineering Syllabus 

The main differences between the B.Tech Mechanical Engineering syllabus and the B.Tech Electrical Engineering syllabus are discussed below -

• B.Tech Mechanical Engineering syllabus covers subjects surrounding power design, energy, weapon systems, etc. On the other hand, the course curriculum of B.Tech Electrical Engineering focuses on providing knowledge about electrical systems, power, electronics, etc.
• Mechanical Engineering is concerned with the overall development of a product, while Electrical Engineering is focused on the development of electrical equipment.
• In India, B.Tech Mechanical Engineering has a greater scope than Electrical Engineering.

BTech Civil Engineering Syllabus vs BTech Biotechnology Syllabus 

Below are the key differences between the course curriculums of B.Tech Civil Engineering and B.Tech Biotechnology -

• B.Tech Biotechnology is a rewarding career option with various employment opportunities in chemical industries, agricultural sectors, pharmaceuticals, and manufacturing. On the other hand, B.Tech Civil Engineering offers employment in power generation firms, gas and oil plants, and the construction of pipelines.
• The B.Tech Civil Engineering syllabus covers subjects related to planning, designing, and executing public infrastructure. In contrast, the B.Tech Biotechnology syllabus and subjects focus on chemical engineering and applied biology.

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Core BTech subjects provide in-depth knowledge to solve engineering problems. Some important BTech core subjects 1st year and subsequent include - Engineering Physics, Engineering Mechanics, Basic Electronics, Structural Analysis, Machine Design, Programming Language, Digital Electronics, and Communication Protocols. Let us check the specialization-wise compulsory BTech subjects below.

BTech Computer Science Core Subjects

• Circuit Theory & networks - Covers different types of systems, continuous & discrete, networks, Laplace transform of impulse and sinusoidal steps, open circuit Impedance, two-port networks, indefinite admittance matrix, etc.
• Data Structure and Algorithms - Overview of collision resolution techniques, C language, order notations, time and space analysis of Algorithms, Linear Data Structures, Arrays and lists, sequential representations, recursion, hashing, design of recursive algorithms, etc.
• Computer Organisation - This subject guides students with concepts and terminology, digital computer components, hardware & software and their dual nature, the ALU, Integer representations, Memory Unit: Memory Classification, MOS storage cells, Organisation of RAM, etc.
• Digital Electronics & Logic Design - This subject provides knowledge about data and number systems, binary representations, codes and their conversions, BCD, Octal, Hexadecimal, Combinational circuits-adder, subtractor, encoder, decoder, comparator, etc.
• Operating Systems - This subject teaches students about file systems, synchronisation, process management, memory management, and related topics.
• Database Management Systems - Students will learn about various database management systems like Relational Database Design, SQL, and Transactions.
• Web Technologies - Candidates will dive into JavaScript, Server-side Scripting, CSS, HTML, Web Frameworks, and Node.js
• Programming Fundamentals - It deals with the basics of C++, Java, Python, C, and related programming languages.

BTech Biotechnology Core Subjects

Some of the subjects include Human Biology, Chemistry, Cell Biology and Biological systems, Structural biochemistry, Plant science, and Molecular Genetics. A detailed view of the Core BTech Biotechnology subjects are - 

• Environmental Science and Engineering - Understanding, analysing, and addressing harmful environmental impacts like ozone layer depletion, environmental contamination, and global warming. It applies engineering principles to environmental conservation, preventing pollution risks, and finding solutions to support a thriving biodiversity.
• Microbiology and Bioprocess Technology - Topics include Microbial Structures, Introduction to Microbiology, Microbial Metabolism, Microbial Classification and Taxonomy, Bioprocess Technology, etc.
• Bioinformatics - Also known as computational biotechnology, it involves using computer programs and engineering technology to gather, store, analyse, and interpret biological data. The insights gained are applied to understand biological dynamics, trace evolutionary timelines, and contribute to areas such as drug development, antibody production, and crop management.
• Biochemistry and Enzyme Technology - Biomolecules, oxidation of fatty acids, carbohydrates, bioenergetics, lipids and their metabolism, amino acids, protein, etc.
• Molecular Biology & Genetics Lab - Studying biological interactions, processes, and functions at the molecular level by modifying cellular structures such as RNA, DNA, proteins, and other cytoskeletal components. It aims to provide deeper insights into conditions like ageing and cancer.
• Bioethics, Biosafety & IPR Issues - Educates students on the legal, ethical, and philosophical aspects of Biotechnology engineering. Provides in-depth training on intellectual property rights, copyright issues, patents, and ethics. 

BTech Civil Engineering Core Subjects

Candidates can check the core BTech Civil Engineering subjects from the pointers below.

• Numerical techniques -  Numerical solution of ordinary Differential equations, gaussian elimination, solution of linear systems, crouts methods, etc.
• Probability, Statistics, and Linear Programming - Bayes theorem, Total, marginal, compound, and conditional probability, multiple and partial correlations, central limit theorem, etc. 
• Concrete Technology - Includes providing knowledge of concrete materials, concrete, mix design, the strength of concrete, admixtures, special concrete, etc. 
• Geotechnical Engineering - Capillary phenomenon,  soil water, historical development of Soil Engineering, vertical stress distribution, etc.

BTech Electrical Engineering Core Subjects

The core BTech subjects for electrical engineering are listed below.

• Fundamentals of Computing - Introduction to Linux, objects, the state through member variables, approach classes, an introduction to object-oriented, etc.
• Chemistry Laboratory - Complexometric titrations, photochemical oxidation, Permanganometric titrations, Acid- Acid-base titrations, chemical kinetics,  iodometric titrations, application of electron model, etc.
• Introduction to Electronics - BJT Biasing, DC Circuit analysis, Passive components, simple transistor amplifiers, discrete electronic devices, signal sources, power supply, etc.
• Chemistry - Principles and applications of transition metal ion chemistry, Physical principles, systems at finite temperature, introduction to molecules, molecular reaction dynamics, etc.

BTech Chemical Engineering Core Subjects

Candidates can check the pointers below to have an idea of the core BTech Chemical Engineering subjects.

• Heat Transfer - Fourier’s law, boundary conditions, Modes of heat transfer, and thermal conductivity, differential equation of heat conduction, numerical methods of conduction, Heisler charts, etc.
• Chemical Process Calculations - Processes involving vaporisation, Steady-state, distributed processes, dynamic processes, single and multiple phase systems, Brayton Cycle, vapour pressure, etc.
• Mechanical Operations - Principles of crushing and grinding, determination of mean particle size, laws of crushing and grinding, size distribution equations, etc.
• Fluid Mechanics - Dimensional Analysis, Types of fluids, Fluid statistics, Hydrostatic force on submerged bodies, Non-Newtonian viscosity, etc.  

Along with the core BTech subjects, candidates will also have to study elective subjects. BTech Elective Subjects and syllabus are scoring in nature which helps candidates to score higher marks than the core subjects and candidates can check them from the list of subjects as given below. These optional BTech subjects have been listed in the pointers below.

The BTech syllabus lab subjects are the ones that are taught to the candidates to get an idea of the practical knowledge of the specialisation they have chosen. The BTech lab subjects are vital for a candidate since they help in shaping the professional skills of a candidate. The BTech subjects concerning all the lab activities have been divided into 9 categories. They have been pointed out in the pointers below.

• Hydraulics Lab
• Thermodynamics Lab
• Engineering Mechanics Lab
• Programming Lab
• Basic Electronics Lab
• Power Electronics Lab
• Microcontrollers Lab
• Special Machines Lab
• Industrial Project

Those planning to pursue B Tech have varied options to select from on the basis of their preferences. There are several specialisations that are offered in the B Tech course. The course includes B Tech specialisations such as mechanical engineering, agriculture, marine, nanotechnology, Electronics, Communication Engineering, etc.

B Tech Course Specialisations:

Check out the BTech specialisations list:

Candidates can check the specialisation-wise BTech subjects from the following headers.

B Tech Computer Science Engineering Subjects

    The list of B Tech Computer Science Engineering Subjects has been listed in the pointers below.

• Data Structure and Algorithms
• Operating Systems
• Programming in C++
• Artificial Intelligence
• Computer Architecture
• Computer Networks
• Programming in Python
• Computer Forensics
• Machine Learning
• Programming in Java

B Tech Biomedical Engineering Subjects

The list of B Tech Biomedical Engineering Subjects has been listed in the pointers below.

• Human Anatomy & Physiology
• Material Sciences
• Medical Instrumentation
• Thermodynamics
• Engineering Mechanics
• Communicative English
• Environmental Sciences
• Dynamics of Biofluids
• Hospital Safety and Management

B Tech Civil Engineering Subjects

   The list of B Tech Civil Engineering Subjects has been listed in the pointers below.

• Water Resources Engineering
• Hydraulic Structures
• Soil Mechanics
• Transportation engineering
• Structural Mechanics
• Forensic Civil Engineering
• Hydropower Engineering
• Pavement Engineering
• Bridge Engineering
• Groundwater Engineering
• Traffic Engineering

B Tech Electronics & Communication Engineering Subjects

The list of B Tech Electronics & Communication Engineering Subjects has been listed in the pointers below.

• Optical Fibre and Wireless Communication
• Microcontrollers
• Network Design and Analysis
• Digital Signal Processing
• Semiconductors
• Embedded Systems

B Tech Mechanical Engineering Subjects

  The list of B Tech Mechanical Engineering Subjects has been listed in the pointers below.

• Basic Mechanical Engineering
• Data Analysis and Interpretation
• Material Science
• Applied Thermodynamics
• Fluid Mechanics
• Electric Circuits
• Applied Thermal Engineering
• Industrial Engineering
• Engineering Graphics and Drawing
• Foundry Engineering
• Manufacturing Process and Principles

B Tech Robotics and Automation Engineering

 The list of B Tech Robotics and Automation Engineering Subjects has been listed in the pointers below.

• Advanced Physics
• Artificial intelligence
• Machine Learning
• Motion Planning
• Computer Vision
• Computer Programming 
• Robot Dynamics
• Mathematical Algorithms

B Tech Electrical and Electronics Engineering Subjects

The list of B Tech Electrical and Electronics Engineering Subjects has been listed in the pointers below.

• Calculus
• Optimal Control Systems
• Electrical Machines
• Digital Systems
• Digital Communications
• Electronic Devices
• Electrical Engineering Practices

B Tech Automobile Engineering Syllabus

The list of B Tech Automobile Engineering Subjects has been listed in the pointers below.

• Material and Polymer Science
• Heat Transfer and Combustion
• AutoCAD
• Pollution and Control
• Vehicle Dynamics
• Power Units

B Tech Aerospace Engineering Subjects

The list of B Tech Aerospace Engineering Subjects has been listed in the pointers below.

• Aerodynamics
• Fluid and Solid Mechanics
• Spaceflight Mechanics
• Propulsion
• Avionics
• Aircraft Design
• Elements of Aeronautics
• Rocket Missiles

B Tech Food Technology Subjects

The list of B Tech Food Engineering Subjects has been listed in the pointers below.

• Food Production Trends and Programs
• Food Storage and Transport Engineering
• Meat, Fish, and Poultry Product Technology
• Food Engineering
• Fruits Processing Technology
• Technology of Milk Products Processing
• Food Microbiology and Safety
• Food Industrial Economics

B Tech Chemical Engineering Subjects

The list of B Tech Chemical Engineering Subjects has been listed in the pointers below.

• Thermodynamics
• Process Control & Instrumentation
• Mechanical Operations
• Process Calculations
• Oil Exploration and Refinery
• Advanced Mathematics
• Fluid Flow/Mechanics
• Chemical Technology/Synthesis
• Heat Transfer Systems

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Candidates who can't visit the college/institute regularly also have the option to pursue B Tech in distance mode. This helps them manage their studies along with other tasks. B Tech course is also available in distance programs for candidates who will not be able to pursue them through offline mode. They are available for 8 semesters and all the UGC-approved BTech distance education subjects have been listed in the tables below.

BTech 1st year Syllabus for Distance Programs

The BTech 1st year subjects have been listed below.

BTech 2nd year Syllabus for Distance Programs

The BTech syllabus for Semesters 3 and 4 has been listed below.

BTech 3rd year Syllabus for Distance Programs

The BTech syllabus for Semesters 5 and 6 has been listed below.

BTech 4th year Syllabus for Distance Programs

The semester-wise BTech syllabus for Semesters 7 and 8 has been listed below.

JEE Main is the most opted BTech entrance exam in India, with approximately 12,25,529 students. Session 1 JEE Main 2025 is already over. Candidates can take a look at this section for session 2. Moreover, the syllabus of BTech entrance exams is similar. NTA has made changes to the JEE Main 2025 syllabus. The revised syllabus is listed here. Candidates have to take entrance exams to pursue BTech courses from top colleges such as IITs, NITs, GFTIs, and IIITs. 

In general, the B Tech course structure is combined with basic engineering B Tech subjects, core B Tech subjects, and elective B Tech subjects. Across the country, most of the engineering colleges follow the CBCS course structure, recommended by UGC.

There are core BTech subjects in this course structure which vary according to the specialisation picked out by the student and the preferred university offering the course. In the first year in this stream, there are basic engineering BTech subjects like mathematics, physics, mechanics, chemistry, etc. blended with communication BTech subjects. For subsequent years and semesters, they choose BTech elective subjects. Students will also have to submit a fact-finding and research-based project at the end of their course, which will assist them toward a good placement. The BTech course structure is:

• Core BTech Subjects and Elective BTech Subjects
• Project and Viva Voce
• Lab B Tech Subjects
• Mandatory Internship
• 8 semesters

Candidates need to pick up the best books of the B Tech subjects while preparing for any examination. No doubt that numerous B Tech syllabus books are available in the market making it difficult for candidates to sort out the best ones. Hence, we have listed BTech important books for computer science, mechanical, and other specialisations, along with the name of the book and author.