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Last Updated By Lam Vijaykanth on 24 Aug, 2022
Psychology studies the patterns of human behavior, experiences, and mental process from various perspectives. Psychology utilizes various scientific methods to appreciate and comprehend human perception, feelings, emotions, learning, and reactions to situations/ people. Ever noticed someone who behaves in a completely different way when alone as compared to when he/she is in a group? Have you ever thought about why is your personality so different from your sibling despite the fact that both of you come from the same family and have grown up in the same environment? Well, psychologists have answers to such questions.
Psychology as a profession is about the study of the human mind and how it influences a person's behaviour. However, it is not limited to investigating human behavior. Psychologists use their understanding of human behavior to treat people suffering from mental disorders, trauma or substance abuse problems. In fact, the biggest aspect of their job is to treat people with behavioural issues using techniques such as observation, assessment, and experimentation.
If this is your area of interest, then you may follow our guide to a career as a psychologist. As part of this, we will give you insights into the industry basics, skill set and the educational path that you could take to become a professional in this field. The guide has been designed to ensure that it becomes a point where you're able to decide whether or not you're meant for this career.
Passed class 12 with Psychology as one of the subjects, although it is not compulsory to study this subject at the school level;
Completed graduation with a Bachelor (BA or BS) in Psychology degree;
Completed post-graduation with MA or M.Sc in either Psychology or related fields such as Social Work or Counselling;
M.Phil and Ph.D programmes are also available if one intends to go on to the doctoral level.
Optional PG Diploma courses in specialized areas of psychology
Optional M.Phil degree in Clinical Psychology
Doctorate degree in a specialized area of Psychology
Various specializations in Psychology are listed below.
The skills given below are the virtues that any psychologist should have
From becoming a career counsellor to clinical researcher, the options for psychologists are as diverse as human behaviour. You can pick up any specialisation depending on your career goals. The job prospects for those who successfully complete their education and training in the field of psychology are:
Career Counsellor – After completing Class 12 or graduation, students usually get confused about which career path to choose and how to go about developing suitable skills for the same. Career counsellors can be extremely helpful in such cases. They come up with the best suitable career choices for a student after analysing his/her personality, skills, aptitude, interest, intelligence level, and related socio-economic factors.
Clinical Psychologist – There are various specialisations under Clinical Psychology that one can opt for. Clinical psychologists deal with patients suffering from mental and emotional disorders. Some other fields where clinical psychologists can find employment are health psychology, substance abuse, geriatrics, post-trauma therapies, and child or adult mental health.
Forensic Psychologist – Forensic psychology is another career choice, which is crucial in criminal investigation and law cases. Forensic Psychologists are required along with police investigators whenever there is a murder or a rape case. Apart from all this, forensic psychologists play a big role in identification of a criminal or tapping into the psyche of a potential criminal or suspect.
Industrial or Organisational Psychologist – In this role, you will be engaged in improving organisational performance by helping employees improve their work behaviour and performance, and build their job-related skills. The industrial or organisational psychologist also help companies shortlist the right candidates for specific job roles. They also play an important role in assessing people for promotion, determine training needs of the workforce, and make decisions related to people in the organisation.
Special Education Teacher – In this role, you will deal with students suffering from different types of disabilities – physical or mental. With more and more Special Education Programmes being introduced every year in schools, opportunities for special education teachers are growing by leaps and bounds.
Neuropsychologist – Professionals involved in this branch of psychology evaluate and treat people with various types of nervous system disorders. Neuropsychologists often focus on how the cognitive function and behaviour of a person are affected by brain injuries or illnesses. They help such patients recover and improve their quality of life.
Psychotherapist - The Psychotherapist uses ‘Talk Therapy’ to treat and deal with emotional problems and mental illness of patients. Psychotherapists mold themselves as psychiatrists, psychologists, counselors, or social workers to help their clients. They work with individuals, couples, and groups of families.
Consultant - Professionals who are working as consulting Psychologists use a variety of techniques to assess their clients/patients/ individuals. The assessment tools like psychological tests, interviews, collections of perceptions from others in their clients' workspace, and self-assessments are some of the popular techniques to help individuals.
Psychiatrist- Sometimes a psychologist must act like a psychiatrist and provide treatment for the people who are in need of treatment. A psychologist is a trained mental health professional who completed a PhD. The term Psychiatrist can be defined as a person who prescribes medication while a psychologist focuses on the therapeutic approach to recovery.
Clinical Social Worker - Clinical Social Work is a special area of practice that focuses on the assessment, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of mental illness, and emotional, and other behavioral disturbances. The common treatment modalities are Individual therapy, Group therapy, and family therapy.
Psychiatrist Nurse- The psychiatrist Nurse provides professional nursing care to emotionally disturbed and/or mentally ill patients for behavioral health and recovery services. The psychiatrist nurse will also work with clinical and case management staff to coordinate care and assist in treatment plans for clients and perform related work.
Art Therapist- Art Therapist uses drawing, painting, sculpting, or other artistic processes to assess client needs or disorders analyses them, or synthesize client data in order to draw conclusions. Thus the Art therapist makes art therapy recommendations, chooses, and prepares artistic media or related equipment or devices to achieve therapy session goals.
The job of Psychologists requires the ability to do the following work
Once you finish studying Psychology and obtain the required skills, you can either work with individuals or you may choose to work in universities or government agencies. Psychology as a profession has gained momentum in recent years and the demand for psychologists is expected to rise in the years to come. Here are some areas where you can find employment after completing your education in Psychology.
Work as a counsellor with NGOs, old age homes, rehabilitation centers, etc.
Work in the education sector as a school counsellor, trainer, career counsellor, etc.
Work as an organisational psychologist with MNCs and big firms in their HR department.
Work with universities or government agencies as a research psychologist.
You could also take up social work and tie-up with NGOs or provide individual counselling.
All those psychologists and counselors who want to practice counselling legally in India have to get registered with the Rehabilitation Counsel of India (RCI). To practice as a Clinical Psychologist, one has to do M.Phil and has to be registered with RCI. Following are the sectors where psychologists are usually employed:
Colleges, Universities, and Schools
Outpatient Care Centers
Hospitals and Clinics
Health Practitioner Offices
Psychiatric and Substance Abuse Hospitals
Individual and Family Services
A career as a psychologist can be highly rewarding if you're able to establish yourself in the field. Those who obtain the right skills and education can expect to earn well. Other important factors that have an impact on the salary of a professional psychologist include the area of his/her specialisation, and the amount of experience he/she has. Those with M.Phil and Ph.D degree in Psychology can go on to earn even more.
Profile | Starting Salary per annum (in INR) | Mid Level Salary per annum (in INR) | Senior Level Salary per annum (INR) |
Psychologist | 4,20,000 | 6,00,000 | 9,60,000 |
Note: The above figures are an estimate and may vary from individual to individual and company to company.
Apart from the curriculum provided by the institution where you will study Psychology, there are some classic books that you read to enhance your knowledge about various aspects of this field. Here is a list of the highly recommended books that every Psychology student must read:
Introduction to Psychology 7 edition (Authors: Clifford T. Morgan, John R. Weisz, Richard A. King, John Schopler)
The Road Less Traveled (Author: Scott Peck)
On Becoming a Person (Author: Carl R. Rogers, Peter D. Kramer)
The Interpretations of Dreams (Author: Sigmund Freud)
The Definitive Book of Body Language (Author: Allan Pease and Barbara Pease)
Games People Play (Author: Eric Berne)
Reward of helping people
Flexible work timings
Potential to earn high
Can set up own office
Job options available across the world
Can be stressful dealing with clients
Work schedule can also be quite erratic
Requires extensive education & training
Must have enough experience to gain popularity
If you're planning to become a counselling psychologist, then you only need a Bachelor's degree in Psychology, or in a related field. By pursing the three-year graduate degree, you will become eligible to practice counselling. On the contrary, if you wish to pursue a career in research or take up a teaching job, then you need to do your two-year post-graduation (Master's) degree and complete the doctoral (M.Phil or Ph.D) programmes, which could last two years or more.
Subject Combination – There is no particular subject combination that you need at 10 + 2 level. You can opt for any stream in your 12th grade. While there is no compulsion, you can take Psychology in school to have a basic understanding of the subject. In fact, it has been introduced in the curriculum of many schools. The best part about Psychology is that it can be studied in combination with any stream.
Take our test and find out if it suits your strengths.
Ph.D.. can be the most preferable higher study option after M.Sc Psychology.
To become a Forensic Psychologist, a candidate must have an M.Sc degree in the field of Forensic Science.
If a person has good subject knowledge of Psychology, the mode of degree does not matter. However, a regular mode degree is most preferable for jobs.
Ph.D. degree in Psychology holds value as one can become a Professor in top universities and Psychologists in top organizations.
The scopes of getting government jobs are limited in the field of Psychology. However, you can get a job as Psychologists in different Super-Specialty hospitals.
Most students prefer B.Sc Psychology rather than B.A.
Jobs in the field of Psychology require an in-depth knowledge and skills. Therefore, an MA degree is mandatory.
The average starting salary that a Psychologist can earn is Rs. 2,50,000 per annum approximately.
The different job roles that a Psychologist can take up include Career Counselor, Clinical Psychologist, Child Psychologist, Lecturer or Professor.
Candidates must have a B.Sc or BA degree in Psychology to become a Psychologist.
You could become an Auditor , a Biologist , a Microbiologist , an Actuary , an Indian Forest Service (IFS) Officer after studying M.Sc. (Master of Science).
You could become a Graphic Designer , an Artist (Fine Arts & Commercial Arts) , an Archaeologist , a Teacher after studying M.A. (Master of Arts).
You could become an Indian Forest Service (IFS) Officer , a Geologist , a Gemologist , a Biologist after studying B.Sc. (Bachelor of Science).
