1 | Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry | Important and scope of chemistry, Laws of chemical combination, Dalton’s atomic theory, Atomic and molecular masses, Mole concept and molar mass |
2 | Structure of Atom | Atomic number, Heisenberg uncertainty principle, Pauli exclusion principles and Hund’s rule, de Broglie’s relationship, dual nature of matter and light, electronic configuration of atoms, isotopes and isobars, Concept of shells and subshells, p and d orbitals, quantum numbers, rules for filling electrons in orbitals- Aufbau principle, shapes of s, stability of half-filled and filled orbitals, the concept of orbital |
3 | Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties | Modern periodic law and long form of the periodic table, electron gain enthalpy, electronegativity, ionic radii, ionization enthalpy, periodic trends in properties of elements- atomic radii, valence |
4 | Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure | Hydrogen bond, Lewis structure, VSEPR theory, Valence electrons, bond parameters, covalent bond, ionic bond, molecular orbital theory of homonuclear diatomic molecules (qualitative idea only), p and d orbitals and shapes of some simple molecules, resonance, the concept of hybridisation involving s, geometry of molecules, polar character of covalent bond, valence bond theory |
5 | States of Matter: Gases and Liquids | Avogadro’s law, Boyle’s law, Charle’s law, Gay Lussac’s law, Liquid State- Vapour pressure, Three states of matter, critical temperature, deviation from ideal behaviour, empirical derivation of the gas equation, Avogadro number, ideal behaviour of gases, ideal gas equation, Kinetic energy and molecular speeds (elementary idea), intermolecular interactions, liquefaction of gases, melting and boiling points, the role of gas laws of elucidating the concept of the molecule, types of bonding, viscosity and surface tension |
6 | Thermodynamics | Gibbs energy change for spontaneous and non-spontaneous process, Hess’s law of constant heat summation, Second law of thermodynamics, The first law of thermodynamics-internal energy and enthalpy, atomisation, combustion, criteria for equilibrium and spontaneity, Third law of thermodynamics- Brief introduction, enthalpy of: bond dissociation, formation, heat capacity and specific heat, ionisation, measurement of U and H, phase transition, solution and dilution, Introduction of entropy as state function, sublimation |
7 | Equilibrium | Equilibrium in physical and chemical processes, Henderson equation, Hydrolysis of salts (elementary idea), acid strength, buffer solutions, common ion effect (with illustrative examples), degree of ionization, dynamic nature of equilibrium, equilibrium constant, factors affecting equilibrium-Le chatelier's principle, ionic equilibrium- ionization of acids and bases, ionization of polybasic acids, solubility product, strong and weak electrolytes, the concept of PH, the law of chemical equilibrium |
8 | Redox Reactions | Concept of oxidation and oxidation and reduction, balancing redox reactions in terms of loss and gain of electron and change in oxidation numbers, redox reactions oxidation number |
9 | Hydrogen | Occurrence, covalent and interstitial; physical and chemical properties of water, heavy water; hydrogen peroxide- preparation, isotopes, preparation, properties and uses of hydrogen; hydrides-ionic, reactions, uses and structure |
10 | S-Block Elements | Group I and group 2 elements, anomalous properties of the first element of each group, atomic and ionic radii), diagonal relationship, electronic configuration, general introduction, hydrogen and halogens; uses, occurrence, trends in chemical reactivity with oxygen, trends in the variation of properties (such as ionization enthalpy, water, biological importance of Mg and Ca, Industrial use of lime and limestone, |
11 | P-Block Elements | General Introduction, Group 13 elements, Group 14 elements, other important compounds and their uses |
12 | Some Basic Concepts of Organic Chemistry | General introduction, carbanions; electrophiles and nucleophiles, carbocations, classification and IUPAC nomenclature of organic compounds, Electronic displacements in a covalent bond: inductive effect, electromeric effect, methods of purification qualitative and quantitative analysis, resonance and hyperconjugation, Homolytic and heterolytic fission of a covalent bond: free radicals, types of organic reactions |
13 | Hydrocarbon | Alkanes, Alkynes, Aromatic Hydrocarbons- their nomenclature, isomerism, conformation, physical properties, chemical reactions, and other reactions; combustion, pyrolysis, free radical mechanism of halogenation, |
14 | Environmental Chemistry | Environmental pollution, its effect, green chemistry, strategy to control pollution |