Cell Structure and Function: Organelles: Nucleus, Mitochondria, Chloroplast, Endoplasmic Reticulum, Golgi Complex, Lysosome, Ribosomes, Centrioles, Plasmids, Eukaryotic Chromosomes, Cell Membrane, Cell Division: Mitosis, Meiosis, Cell Cycle. |
Genetics: Mendel's Laws, Monohybrid, Dihybrid Crosses, Genetic Material: DNA Replication, Genetic Code, Transcription, Translation, Gene Regulation, Prokaryotes vs Eukaryotes, Viruses, Mycoplasma, Bacteriophage, Cyanobacteria, Bacteria. |
Classification and Morphology: Five Kingdom Classification, Binomial Nomenclature, Morphology and Life Cycle of Spirogyra, Mucor, Funaria, Selaginella, Pinus, Reproduction in Angiosperms: Microsporogenesis, Megasporogenesis, Fertilisation, Endosperm, Embryo Development. |
Plant Physiology: Tissues and Tissue Systems, Meristematic and Permanent Tissues, Mineral Nutrition, Uptake, and Transport, Photosynthesis, Respiration, Transpiration, Photorespiration, Enzymes, Growth Hormones, Photoperiodism, Phytochrome. |
Ecology: Ecosystem Structure and Function, Major Ecosystems: Lake, Forest, Food Chain, Food Web, Energy Flow, Ecological Crises, Human Role in Environmental Pollution: Air, Water, Soil. |
Plants in Human Welfare: Economic Plant Products: Drugs, Fibers, Cereals, Pulses, Oilseeds, Sugarcane, Coal, Petroleum, Food Preservation Methods, Plant Breeding Principles, Biotechnology: Agriculture, Industries, Cheese, Yoghurt, Alcohol, Antibiotics. |