CG PPT 2025 Syllabus PDF - Download Latest CG PPT Syllabus for All Subjects

General Properties of matter and sound 

• Measurement, motion, and force 

(measurement, measurement in international system of units, measurement tools, screw gauge, spherometer, vernier callipers, physical balance)

• Work and energy 

(Work, it definition, work by constant force, potential and kinetic energy, heat & temperature, temperature conversion in celsius, kelvin and fahrenheit scale, heat capacity, specific heat, change of state, latent heat, cooling during evaporation, humidity, heat expansion, linear expansion, volume expansion)

• Wave and sound 

(waves, nature & types of waves, simple harmonic motion, amplitude, time period, wave length, velocities/frequency/wave length relations, nature of sound & its motion, hearing range, ultrasonic waves & its applications)

Matter (Structure & behavior)

• Matter (its nature and behaviour)

(Classification of matter on the basis of chemical constitution, compounds/elements/mixtures, types of mixtures, homogeneous and heterogenous solutions, suspension & colloids, solution concentrations, atomic theory by Dalton, modern atomic theory, molecular/atomic mass, law of constant proportion, elements composition in simple compounds, empirical & molecular formula in simple substances)

• Structure of atom 

(Constituents of atom, atomic number and mass, nucleus discovery, atomic model by Bohr, electrons distribution in shells, isotopes/isobars/isotones, radioactivity, radio isotopes & their applications)

Light, electricity, and magnetism 

• Light 

(Nature of light, reflection of light, reflection laws, reflection from curved and plane surface, image formation using concave, convex, and plane mirror, radius of curvature and focal length relationship, concave mirror focal length determination using simple pin method, laws of refraction, refraction by glass slab, total internal reflection and its use, diverging & converging lens, optical center and focal length definition, image formation using lens, human eye its remedies & defects, photographic camera and human eye comparison, simple telescope & astronomical telescope construction/working/uses and way diagram)

• Electricity & its effects 

(Intensity of electricity, potential difference, electric current, law by Ohm, resistance, resistance combination and numerical related to it, thermal effect of current and its use, calculator of electrical energy and power, electric current chemical effects, secondary & primary cells their drawback & properties, leclanche/dry/accumulator cells)

• Magnetic effects of electric current 

(Experiment by Oersted, electromagnetic induction, electric motor, generator working principle & uses, alternating current & direct current general studies, electric discharge in gases, discharge tube, cathode/X-rays & their properties)

• Magnetism 

(Magnets & types, methods used to prepare magnets, artificial magnet, magnetism molecular theory, demagnetization, magnetic keepers, force magnetic lines and its properties, terrestrial magnetism, magnetic meridian, magnetic storm, geographical meridian, V/H/I relationship)

Classification of elements, chemical bonding, reactions and important compounds 

• Periodic classification of elements 

(Historical perspective of periodic classification of elements, modern periodic la / modern periodic table, periodic properties in groups & periods, metallic & non metallic elements, atomic size, ionization energy, electron affinity)

• Chemical bonding

(Chemical bonds formation, types of bonds, ionic & covalent bonds, polar/electronegative covalent compound, ionic and covalent compound properties)

• Chemical reaction 

(Chemical reaction, formula of simple compound, equation of simple chemical reaction and their balancing, types of chemical reactions, combination/decomposition/displacement/oxidation/reduction)

• Rate of chemical equilibrium and chemical reaction 

(Fast & slow reactions, rate of chemical reactions preliminary knowledge, reversible/irreversible chemical reactions, dynamic nature and reversible reaction of equilibrium, acids/bases, exothermic/endothermic processes, ph scale)

• Some important chemical compounds 

(Production methods of washing soda/ baking soda/ plaster of paris/bleaching powder, building material - lime cement/ steel/ glass preparation, alcohol & acetic acid laboratory methods for preparation, uses and properties of some artificial polymers, polythene, polyvinyl chloride, teflon , detergents/soaps)

Natural resources 

• Metals

(Metals position in the periodic table and its general properties, metal/ mineral/ore, mineral and ore difference, metallurgy concentration, roasting/ melting/ refining or ores, copper and iron metallurgy, corrosion of metals, alloys)

• Non metals 

(Non metals position in the periodic table, hydrogen/oxygen/nitrogen uses and properties)

• Coal and petroleum 

(Petroleum and coal as natural resources, carbons & its compounds, destructive distillation of coal, petroleum)

• Hydrocarbons 

(Saturated & unsaturated hydro carbons structure & classification, homologous series, isomerism, methane/ ethane/ ethylene preparation & properties)

• Sources of energy 

(New and conventional sources of energy, solar energy sources, causes of origin of energy in sun, solar heating devices, solar cooker/cell, wind energy, biogas, fossils fuels, ideal fuel & its properties, nuclear energy & fission, chain reaction, nuclear reactor, harm & uses of nuclear energy)

Our environment

• Biosphere 

(Definition, biosphere & ecosystem, ecosystem structure, food chain & food web, trophic level, ecosystem function, energy flow, biogeochemical cycle for nitrogen & carbon, biomass, biodiversity & its importance)

• Pollution 

(Soil/water/air/sound pollution causes & their control, ecological balance, uses of natural resources, renewal and nonrenewable resources conservation, green house effect, ozone layer depletion, acid rain, non-biodegradable & biodegradable materials)

Geometry 

• Fundamental concepts of geometry (introduction,. point/line/plane incidence properties of points and lines)
• Different theorems and or axioms and their converse 

(Congruence of triangles, locus and sum inequality relation in triangle, parallelograms, linear symmetry)

Co-ordinate geometry 

• Distance formula, section, and mid–point formula
• Area of triangle
• Conditions for three points to be collinear
• Centroid and incentre of triangle 

Mensuration 

• Area of triangle & rectangle 
• Area / circumference of circle 
• Area of sector of circle & length of arc of circle 
• Area of four walls of cube / cuboids
• Surface area & volume of cube /cuboids 
• Surface/area/volume of cylinder, prism, cone, and sphere

Statistics 

• Statistics & its definition 
• Meaning of stats in singular & plural sense
• Raw data 
• Collection & representation of data 
• Arrangement of data in descending and ascending order
• Variate 
• Class-interval 
• Class size 
• Class mark 
• Frequency of a class 
• Cumulative frequency of a class 
• Class limit 
• True class limit 
• Cumulative frequency table construction 
• Exclusive & inclusive class 
• Statistical data graphical representation 
• Frequency polygon 
• Cumulative frequency curve 
• Mean, median, mode, pie chart problems 
• Knowledge of probability 

Computer 

• Introduction 
• What is computer & its working 
• Computer’s basic structure 
• Constituents of computer 
• Mathematical logic 
• Binary digit system 
• Change in binary number to decimal number and decimal number to binary number 
• Statement use of venn diagram in logic 
• Negative statement 
• Conjunction/ disjunction/ implication/ biconditional/ truth table