Chemical Equations | - Chemical equations (writing the equations/ balancing chemical equations/skeletal chemical equations)
- Daily life examples of chemical reactions
- Writing symbols of physical states
- Heat changes
- Gas evolved & precipitate formed
- Interpreting a balanced chemical equation
|
Acids, bases, and salts | - Acids & bases chemical properties
- Reaction of acid & base with water
- What do acids/bases have in common
- Do acids only produce ions in Aqueous solutions
- Strength of acid & base - pH scale
- pH importance in everyday life
- Salts & chemicals from common salt
|
Structure of Atom | - Electromagnetic spectrum/spectrum
- Bohr’s model of hydrogen atom & its limitations
- Quantum mechanical model of an atom
- Electronic configuration of elements in their atoms
- Rule NL/ energies of electronic energy levels (n+l) rule/Pauli’s principle/ Aufbau Principle/Hund’s rule of maximum multiplicity/ stable configurations
|
Classification of elements - The Periodic Table | - Arrangement of elements in an organized way
- Limitations of Doberieners Triads
- Newland’s law of octaves
- Periodic table by Mendeleev (its periodic law, limitations, and achievements)
- Modern periodic table
|
Chemical Bonding | - Valence bond theory
- Ionic & covalent compounds properties
- Valence shell electron pair repulsion theory
- Shapes/bond lengths/bond energies in molecules
- Factors affecting formation of anion & cation
- Arrangement of ions in ionic compounds
- Ionic & covalent bonds with examples of Lewis Dot Formulae
- Lewis & Kossel electronic theory of valence
- Definition of chemical bond (brief explanation)
|
Carbon & its Compounds | - Carbon compounds introduction
- Electron promotion (bonding in carbon including hybridization)
- Allotropes of carbon/ nature of carbon/bonding of carbon with other elements
- Isomerism
- Homologous series
- Nomenclature of carbon compounds & chemical properties of carbon compounds
- Important carbon compounds
- Esterification reactions
- Soaps
|
Principles of metallurgy | - Metal occurrence in nature
- Extraction of metals from ores (activity series & related metallurgy)
- Steps involved in the extraction of metals from ore (flow chart)
- Corrosion & prevention of corrosion
- Metallurgy & its important processes
- Flux
- Furnace
|