Atomic Structure | - Bohr’s Model of Atom;
- Wave Nature of Electromagnetic Radiation;
- Planck’s Quantum Theory;
- Dual Behaviour of Matter;
- Explanation of Line Spectrum of Hydrogen;
- Quantum Mechanical Considerations of Subatomic Particles;
- Heisenberg’s Uncertainty Principle;
- Quantum Numbers;
- Energies of Orbitals;
- Filling of Orbitals in Atoms,
- Pauli’s Exclusion Principle and Hund’s Rule of Maximum Multiplicity;
- Electronic Configurations of Atoms;
- Stability of Half-Filled and Completely Filled Orbitals
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Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties | - Modern Periodic Law
- Nomenclature of Elements
- Electronic Configuration of Elements and the Periodic Table;
- Electronic Configuration and Types of Elements s, p, d and f Blocks;
- Trends in Physical Properties: (a) Atomic Radius, (b) Ionic Radius (c) Ionization Enthalpy, (d) Electron Gain Enthalpy, (e) Electronegativity;
- Periodic Trends and Chemical Reactivity
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Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure | - Kossel - Lewis Approach to Chemical Bonding,
- Octet Rule and its limitations,
- Covalent Bond-Lewis Representation of Simple Molecules,
- Formal Charges,
- Ionic or Electrovalent Bond
- Lattice Enthalpy;
- General Properties of Ionic Compounds;
- Bond Parameters,
- Bond Length,
- Bond Angle,
- Bond Enthalpy,
- Bond Order,
- Resonance,
- Polarity of Bonds,
- Dipole Moment;
- Fajan’s Rules;
- Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion (VSEPR) Theory;
- Predicting the Geometry of Simple Molecules;
- Valence Bond Theory,
- Orbital Overlap Concept,
- Directional Properties of Bonds,
- Overlapping of Atomic Orbitals,
- Strength of Sigma and pi Bonds,
- Factors Favoring the Formation of Covalent Bonds;
- Hybridisation,
- Shapes of Simple Covalent Molecules,
- Coordinate Bond -Definition with Examples;
- Molecular Orbital Theory- Formation of Molecular Orbitals,
- Linear Combination of Atomic Orbitals (LCAO),
- Conditions for Combination of Atomic Orbitals-,
- Energy Level Diagrams for Molecular Orbitals,
- Bonding in Some HomoNuclear Diatomic Molecules- H2, He2, Li2, B2, C2, N2 and O2;
- Hydrogen Bonding-Cause of Formation of Hydrogen Bond
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States Of Matter: Gases and Liquids | - Thermal Energy;
- Intermolecular Forces Vs Thermal Interactions;
- The Gaseous State;
- The Gas Laws;
- Ideal Gas Equation;
- Graham’s Law of Diffusion;
- Dalton’s Law of Partial Pressures;
- Kinetic Molecular Theory of Gases;
- Kinetic Gas Equation of an Ideal Gas (No Derivation) Deduction of Gas Laws from Kinetic Gas Equation;
- Behavior of Real Gases
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Stoichiometry | - Properties of Matter,
- Uncertainty in Measurement,
- Significant Figures,
- Dimensional Analysis;
- Atomic and Molecular Masses,
- Mole Concept and Molar Mass,
- Concept of Equivalent Weight;
- Percentage Composition of Compounds and Calculations of Empirical and Molecular Formulae of Compounds;
- Stoichiometry and Stoichiometric Calculations;
- Redox Reactions-Classical Idea of Redox Reactions,
- Oxidation and Reduction Reactions,
- Redox Reactions in Terms of Electron Transfer;
- Oxidation Number Concept;
- Types of Redox Reactions,
- Combination, Decomposition, Displacement and Disproportionation Reactions;
- Balancing of Redox Reactions,
- Oxidation Number Method,
- Half Reaction (Ion electron) Method
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Thermodynamics | - Thermodynamic Terms and its laws
- The System and the Surroundings;
- Types of Systems and Surroundings;
- The State of the System;
- The Internal Energy as a State Function. (a) Work (b) Heat (c) The General Case,
- Applications-Work;
- Enthalpy- A Useful New State Function;
- Extensive and Intensive Properties;
- Lattice Enthalpy Spontaneity
- Absolute Entropy and the Third Law of Thermodynamics
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Chemical Equilibrium and Acids-Bases | - Equilibrium in Physical and Chemical Processes;
- Dynamic Equilibrium;
- Law of Chemical Equilibrium,
- Law of Mass Action and Equilibrium Constant;
- Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Equilibria,
- Relationship Between KP and KC
- Applications of Equilibrium Constant;
- Factors Affecting Equilibria,
- Le Chatelier’s Principle
- Ionic Equilibrium in Solutions;
- Acids, Bases and Salts- Arrhenius,
- Bronsted-Lowry and Lewis Concepts of Acids and Bases;
- Buffer Solutions,
- Preparation of Acidic Buffer;
- Solubility Equilibria of Sparingly Soluble Salts,
- Common Ion Effect on Solubility of Ionic Salts
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Hydrogen and its Compounds | - Position of Hydrogen in the Periodic Table;
- Dihydrogen-Occurrence and Isotopes;
- Hydrides
- Water: Physical Properties;
- Structure of Water, Ice, Chemical Properties of Water;
- Hard and Soft Water, Temporary and Permanent Hardness of Water;
- Heavy Water;
- Hydrogen as a Fuel
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s -Block Elements (Alkali and Alkaline Earth Metals) | - Group 1 Elements,
- Group 2 Elements
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p-Block Elements Group 13 | - General introduction,
- Electronic Configuration,
- Atomic Radii,
- Ionization Enthalpy,
- Electronegativity;
- Physical & Chemical Properties;
- Important Trends and Anomalous Properties of Boron
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p-Block Elements - Group 14 | - General Introduction,
- Electronic Configuration,
- Atomic Radii,
- Ionization Enthalpy,
- Electronegativity;
- Physical & Chemical Properties;
- Important Trends and Anomalous Properties of Carbon;
- Allotropes of Carbon;
- Uses of Carbon
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Organic Chemistry-Some Basic Principles, Techniques and Hydrocarbons | - Some Basic Principles and Techniques,
- Hydrocarbons,
- Alkanes,
- Alkenes,
- Alkynes,
- Aromatic Hydrocarbons
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Solid State | - General Characteristics of Solid State;
- Amorphous and Crystalline Solids;
- Classification of Crystalline Solids Based on Different Binding Forces;
- Probing the Structure of Solids: X-Ray Crystallography;
- Crystal Lattices and Unit Cells,
- Number of Atoms in a Unit Cell;
- Close Packed Structures;
- Packing Efficiency in Simple Cubic, BCC, HCP, CCP Lattice;
- Calculations Involving Unit Cell Dimensions-Density of the Unit Cell;
- Imperfections in Solids
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Solutions | - Types of Solutions;
- Expressing Concentration of Solutions;
- Solubility: Solubility of a Solid in a Liquid, Solubility of a Gas in a liquid, Henry’s Law;
- Vapor Pressure of Liquid Solutions,
- Raoult's Law as a Special Case of Henry’s Law;
- Ideal and Non-Ideal Solutions;
- Colligative Properties and Determination of Molar Mass
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Electrochemistry and Chemical Kinetics | - Electrochemistry,
- Chemical Kinetics
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Surface Chemistry | - Adsorption and Absorption,
- Catalysis,
- Colloids,
- Emulsions
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p-Block Elements Group 15- 18 | - Group 15 Elements,
- Group 16 Elements,
- Group 17 Elements,
- Group 18 Elements
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D and f block elements coordination compound | - D and F Block Elements,
- Coordination Compounds
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Biomolecules | - Carbohydrates,
- Amino Acids,
- Proteins,
- Nucleic Acids,
- Enzymes
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Haloalkanes and Haloarenes | - Classification and Nomenclature;
- Nature of C-X Bond;
- Methods of Preparation;
- Physical Properties-Melting and Boiling Points, Density and Solubility;
- Chemical Reactions,
- Polyhalogen Compounds
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Organic Compounds Containing C, H, O | - Alcohols,
- Phenols,
- Ethers,
- Aldehydes,
- Ketones,
- Carboxylic Acids
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Organic Compounds Containing Nitrogen | - Amines,
- Diazonium Salts,
- Cyanides and Isocyanides
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Phenols, Ethers, Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids | Phenols, Ethers, Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids |
