GATE 2025 Biotechnology Syllabus PDF - Download GATE Biotechnology Syllabus Topic wise

Updated By Prateek Lakhera on 24 Jan, 2025 18:13

IIT Roorkee has released the GATE 2025 syllabus PDF for all 30 papers. There have been no changes in the GATE syllabus 2025. Access the GATE syllabus for CSE, ME, Civil Engineering, Mechanical Engineering and other papers here.

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GATE 2025 Syllabus for Biotechnology

The GATE 2025 Biotechnology syllabus is now available on the official website, gate.iitr.ac.in. The direct link to download GATE BT syllabus 2025 pdf has also been provided on this page. The GATE syllabus 2025 for Biotechnology is divided into three sections: General Aptitude (carrying 15% weightage), Engineering Mathematics (carrying 13% weightage), and core Biotechnology discipline (carrying 72% weightage). You should know the whole syllabus to plan your studies and focus on key topics. 

GATE Biotechnology (BT) is one of 30 papers for the GATE 2025 exam. If you want to select Biotechnology as your subject, you should start by reading the complete GATE 2025 Biotechnology syllabus to know what topics you should prepare for.

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GATE Biotechnology Syllabus 2025 Section-Wise Topics

Knowing the syllabus is important because it helps manage time better by knowing what to study first. The syllabus acts like a guide to help candidates succeed in the exam. Provided below is the list of all the topics and subjects that will be covered in the GATE 2025 exam, or class. It tells you what you need to study and understand.

Section

Topics

Subtopics

Engineering Mathematics

Linear Algebra

Matrices and determinants; Systems of linear equations; Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors

Calculus

Limits, continuity, differentiability; Partial derivatives, maxima and minima; Sequences and series; Tests for convergence

Differential Equations

Linear and non-linear first-order ODEs; Higher-order ODEs with constant coefficients; Cauchyโ€™s and Eulerโ€™s equations; Laplace transforms

Probability and Statistics

Mean, median, mode, standard deviation; Random variables; Poisson, normal, and binomial distributions; Correlation and regression analysis

Numerical Methods

Solutions of linear and non-linear algebraic equations; Integration by trapezoidal and Simpsonโ€™s rule; Single-step method for differential equations

General Biology

Biochemistry

Biomolecules (structure and function); Biological membranes; Metabolism (carbohydrates, lipids, amino acids, nucleic acids); Photosynthesis, respiration, electron transport chain; Enzymes (classification, kinetics, inhibition)

Microbiology

Bacterial classification and diversity; Microbial ecology; Viruses (structure, classification); Microbial growth and nutrition; Antibiotics and antimicrobial resistance

Immunology

Innate and adaptive immunity; Antibody structure/function; Antigen-antibody reactions; T and B cell development; Immune response regulation; Vaccines and immunization

Genetics, Cellular and Molecular Biology

Genetics and Evolutionary Biology

Mendelian inheritance; Gene interaction, linkage, recombination; Microbial genetics (transformation, transduction, conjugation); Genetic drift, species, speciation

Cell Biology

Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell structure; Cell cycle and growth control; Cell signaling; Post-translational modifications; Cell death and autophagy

Molecular Biology

Gene structure and mutation; Gene expression regulation; Nucleic acid processes (replication, transcription, splicing, translation); RNA interference; DNA repair

Fundamentals of Biological Engineering

Engineering Principles

Material/energy balances for reactive and non-reactive systems; Stoichiometry; Degree of reduction; Electron balance; Oxygen demand

Classical Thermodynamics and Bioenergetics

Thermodynamics laws; Reaction equilibria; Ligand binding; Metabolic pathways; Redox reactions

Transport Processes

Fluid flow (Newtonian/non-Newtonian); Mixing; Molecular diffusion; Oxygen transfer; Heat transfer; Heat exchangers

Bioprocess Engineering and Process Biotechnology

Bioreaction Engineering

Rate law; Reactor types (batch, mixed flow, plug flow); Enzyme immobilization; Kinetics (cell growth, substrate utilization, product formation); Optimization and scale-up

Upstream and Downstream Processing

Media formulation, optimization; Sterilization; Filtration; Centrifugation; Cell disruption; Chromatography (ion exchange, gel filtration, affinity, HPLC, FPLC); Extraction, adsorption, drying

Instrumentation and Process Control

Pressure, temperature, flow measurement; Valves; Feedback/feedforward control; Types of controllers (proportional, derivative, integral)

Plant, Animal and Microbial Biotechnology

Plants

Totipotency; Plant tissue culture; Production of secondary metabolites; Transgenic plants; Somaclonal variation

Animals

Animal cell culture; Hybridoma technology; Stem cell technology; Animal cloning; Transgenic, knock-in, knock-out animals

Microbes

Production of biomass, biofuels, bioplastics; Industrial enzymes, antibiotics; Large-scale production of recombinant proteins

Recombinant DNA Technology and Other Tools

Recombinant DNA Technology

Restriction/modification enzymes; Vectors (plasmids, bacteriophage, cosmids, Ti plasmid); Gene isolation and cloning; CRISPR-Cas

Molecular Tools

PCR; DNA/RNA labeling, sequencing; DNA fingerprinting, RAPD, RFLP; Gene transfer technologies

Analytical Tools

Microscopy (light, electron, confocal); Spectroscopy (UV, IR, MS, NMR); Electrophoresis; Microarrays; ELISA, RIA, flow cytometry

Computational Tools

Bioinformatics resources and search tools; Sequence/structure databases; Sequence analysis, alignment, phylogeny; Genomics, proteomics, metabolomics; Metagenomics

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GATE Biotechnology Syllabus 2025 for General Aptitude

The General Aptitude section of GATE 2025 is a common part of the exam for all, carrying 15% of the total marks. It includes topics like verbal ability, which covers grammar, sentence completion, and vocabulary, as well as numerical ability like basic math, percentages, averages, and data interpretation. Find below in detail the GATE 2025 General Aptitude 2025 syllabus. 

Sections

Topics

Verbal Aptitude

Basic English Grammar: Tenses, articles, adjectives, prepositions, conjunctions, verb-noun agreement, other parts of speech

Basic Vocabulary: Words, idioms, phrases in context, reading and comprehension, narrative sequencing

Quantitative Aptitude

Data Interpretation: Data graphs (bar graphs, pie charts, other data representations), 2D and 3D plots, maps, tables

Numerical Computation and Estimation: Ratios, percentages, powers, exponents, logarithms, permutations, combinations, series

Mensuration and Geometry

Elementary Statistics and Probability

Analytical Aptitude

Logic: Deduction and induction

Analogy

Numerical Relations and Reasoning

Spatial Aptitude

Transformation of Shapes: Translation, rotation, scaling, mirroring, assembling, grouping

Paper Folding, Cutting, and Patterns: 2D and 3D patterns

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GATE 2025 Biotechnology Syllabus PDF

To prepare for the exam, you can download the GATE 2025 Biotechnology syllabus and keep it handy. Here the detailed GATE BT syllabus 2025 PDF has been provided. Simply click on the link to access and download the GATE syllabus 2025 for Biotechnology.

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GATE Biotechnology Syllabus 2025 Important Topics

When you know which topics are important, you can use your time and energy on them instead of wasting time on less relevant areas. This makes your preparation more effective and increases chances of scoring well. In short, knowing important topics helps you prepare smarter, and not harder. Provided below are the GATE 2025 BT syllabus important topics to focus on.

Although you must prepare the whole syllabus very well, if there is less time, you can concentrate on important topics from where questions are frequently asked. For GATE 2025 Biotechnology, here are the important topics to focus on:

Sections

Important Topics

Engineering Mathematics

Linear Algebra: Matrices, Eigenvalues, and Eigenvectors

Calculus: Limits, Partial Derivatives, Maxima, and Minima

Differential Equations: First-order and Higher-order ODEs

Probability and Statistics: Distributions, Correlation, and Regression

General Biology

Biochemistry: Structure and function of biomolecules, Metabolism

Microbiology: Bacterial growth, Antibiotics, and Resistance

Immunology: Immune response, Antigen-antibody reactions, Vaccines

Genetics, Cellular, and Molecular Biology

Genetics and Evolutionary Biology: Mendelian inheritance; Gene interaction; Complementation; Linkage, recombination and chromosome mapping; Extra chromosomal inheritance; Microbial genetics - transformation, transduction and conjugation;

Cell Biology: Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell structure; Cell cycle and cell growth control;

Molecular Biology: Molecular structure of genes and chromosomes; Mutations and mutagenesis

Fundamentals of Biological Engineering

Thermodynamics: Metabolic pathways, Ligand binding. Transport Processes: Fluid flow, Oxygen transfer, Heat exchangers

Bioprocess Engineering

Bioreaction Engineering: Enzyme kinetics, Cell growth, Reactor types. Upstream/Downstream Processing: Filtration, Centrifugation, Chromatography

Plant, Animal and Microbial Biotechnology

Totipotency; Regeneration of plants; Plant growth regulators and elicitors;

Kinetics of cell growth; Micro & macro-carrier culture; Hybridoma technology; Stem cell technology; Animal cloning;

Production of biomass and primary/secondary metabolites - Biofuels, bioplastics, industrial enzymes, antibiotics;

Recombinant DNA Technology and Tools

CRISPR-Cas, Gene isolation, and cloning. Molecular tools like PCR, DNA sequencing, and bioinformatics analysis tools

GATE Biotechnology Syllabus 2025 Topic-Wise Weightage (Expected)

Knowing the expected weightage of marks from the GATE Biotechnology syllabus 2025 is important because it helps you prepare better. When you know which topics carry more marks, you can spend more time studying those areas to get a higher score. This way, you can complete their preparation on time and feel more confident during the exam.

Here is a look at the GATE BT syllabus 2025 topic-wse weightage of marks expected this year. 

Sections

Key Topics

Expected Marks Weightage 

General Aptitude

Aptitude and Reasoning

15

Section 1

Engineering Mathematics

13

Section 2

General Biology

23

Section 3

Genetics, Cellular & Molecular Biology

21

Section 4

Fundamentals of Biological Engineering

10

Section 5

Bioprocess Engineering & Process Biotechnology

7

Section 6

Plant, Animal & Microbial Biotechnology

6

Section 7

Recombinant DNA Technology & Biotechnology Tools

5

Total Marks

-

100

How to Prepare for GATE Biotechnology Syllabus 2025

To prepare for the GATE 2025 Biotechnology syllabus, you need a strategic approach. Here are a few valuable tips recommended by experts to help you prepare effectively for the exam:

  1. Practice GATE previous year question papers thoroughly while learning the subject and after completing them. This will help you know how prepared you were and how much you developed. 

  2. Include all essential formulas, concepts, and unit conversions in your notes, and revise them regularly.

  3. Keep track of the time while solving mock tests and question sets. By doing so you can measure speed and accuracy.

  4. Begin the test series after your first revision. Start with part tests, then move to subject-wise and multi-subject tests. From December, aim to complete 20-30 full-length tests.

  5. Try to complete the syllabus within three months and practice test papers for the rest two months. 

Best Books for GATE Biotechnology Syllabus 2025

Knowing about the GATE 2025 syllabus alone is not enough; you must pick the right study materials and books to learn the concepts. Therefore, here we have listed some of the selected books recommended by experts that cover in-depth GATE BT 2025 syllabus.

Name of the Book

Authors/Publishers

Principles of Biochemistry

Lehninger

Molecular Cell Biology

Lodish and Baltimore

Biotechnology

Pranav Kumar

Immunology

Kuby

Bioprocess Engineering Principles

P. Doran

Advanced Engineering Mathematics

Erwin Kreyszig

A Modern Approach to Verbal and Non-Verbal Reasoning

R.S. Aggarwal

Previous Year Books

Made Easy Workbook or Bits and Bytes

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FAQs about GATE Syllabus

Is the GATE 2025 ECE syllabus released?

Yes, IIT Roorkee has released the GATE 2025 Electronics & Communication Engineering syllabus. 
 

Is GATE Biotechnology difficult?

Generally, the GATE Biotechnology paper has moderate difficulty. You can check paper analysis for the past few yearsโ€™ exams to determine the difficulty level for the upcoming exam.

Is engineering mathematics a subject in the GATE Biotechnology syllabus?

Yes, engineering mathematics is a section in the GATE Biotechnology syllabus. 

What topics are covered in the GATE Biotechnology syllabus?

The Biotechnology syllabus for the GATE 2025 exam features topics such as General Biology, Genetics, Biological Engineering, etc. You should carefully read the syllabus and prepare for all the topics.

What is a good score in GATE Biotechnology?

A score between 70-80 marks is generally considered to be a good or excellent score in the GATE Biotechnology exam.

Is the GATE 2025 BT syllabus released?

Yes, IIT Roorkee has released the GATE 2025 BT syllabus on the official GATE 2025 website, gate2025.iitr.ac.in.

What is the syllabus for GATE Biotechnology 2025?

The syllabus for GATE Biotechnology is an important part of the GATE BT exam. The syllabus features all the topics that will be covered for the GATE 2025 BT exam.

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