TS SSC Science Syllabus 2024-25: Check Telangana Board Class 10th Science Syllabus 2024-25

• Normal to the curved surface
• Spherical mirrors, convex and concave mirrors
• Pole, Focus, Centre of curvature, principal axis, Radius of curvature, Focal length
• Formula for spherical mirrors – sign convention
• Application of reflection – Solar Cooker, etc.

• Some daily life examples of chemical reactions.
• Chemical equations – writing chemical equations, skeletal chemical equations, balancing chemical equations
• Writing symbols of physical states, Heat changes, gas evolved and a precipitate formed
• Interpreting a balanced chemical equation

• Chemical properties of acids & bases
• What do acids have in common? What do bases have in common?
• Do Acids produce Ions only in Aqueous Solution?
• Reaction of Acid, Base with water
• Strength of Acid or Base – pH scale
• Importance of pH in everyday life
• Salts
• Chemicals from common salt

• Refraction of light at curved surface
• Lenses
• Rules for Ray diagram
• Images formed by the lenses
• Formula derived for thin lenses
• Focal length of lens depends on the surrounding medium
• Lens maker formula

5. Human eye and colourful world

• Least distance of distinct vision, Angle of vision
• Structure of human Eye – Focal length of human Eye lens, accommodation
• Common accommodation defects of vision – Myopia, Hypermetropia, presbyopia
• Prism
• Scattering of light

6. Structure of atom

• Spectrum
• Electromagnetic Spectrum
• Bohr’s model of a Hydrogen atom and its limitations
• Quantum mechanical model of an Atom
• Electronic Configuration of elements in their atoms
• nl rule, Energies of electronic energy levels (n+l) rule; Aufbau Principle, Pauli’s principle, Hund’s Rule of maximum multiplicity, Stable configurations

7. Classification of Elements – The Periodic Table

• Need for the arrangement of elements in an organized manner
• Doberieners Triads – Limitations
• Newland’s law of Octaves
• Mendeleev’s Periodic Table (Periodic law, Achievements & Limitations)
• Modern Periodic Table.

8. Chemical Bonding

• Chemical bond definition (brief explanation)
• Electronic theory of Valence by Lewis and Kossel
• Ionic and Covalent bonds: examples with Lewis Dot formulae
• The arrangement of Ions in Ionic compounds
• Factors affecting the formation of cation and anion
• Shapes, bond lengths and bond energies in molecules
• Valence shell electron pair repulsion theory
• Valence bond theory
• Properties of Ionic and Covalent Compounds

9. Electric Current

• Electric current
• Potential difference
• How a battery or a cell works
• Ohms law and its limitations, resistance, specific resistance, factors influencing resistance, electric shock
• Electric Circuits
• Electric power
• Safety fuses

10. Electromagnetism

• Oersted Experiment
• Magnetic field – field lines
• Magnetic field due to currents
• Magnetic force on moving charge and current carrying wire
• Electric motor
• Electromagnetic induction – Faraday’s law (including magnetic flux) – Lenz law
• Generators and Alternating – Direct Currents

11. Principles of Metallurgy

• Occurrence of Metals in nature
• Extraction of metals from the Ores – activity series and related metallurgy, flow chart of steps involved in the extraction of metals from ore.
• Corrosion – Prevention of Corrosion
• Important Processes used in metallurgy
• Flux
• Furnace

12. Carbon and its compounds

• Introduction of Carbon compounds
• Promotion of an Electron – Bonding in Carbon including Hybridization
• Allotropes of Carbon
• Versatile nature of carbon
• Hydrocarbons
• Bonding of carbon with other elements
• Isomerism
• Homologous series
• Nomenclature of carbon compounds
• Chemical properties of carbon compounds
• Important carbon compounds
• Esterification reactions
• Soaps – Saponification, Micelles

Respiration

• Respiration – discovery of gases involved in respiration
• Respiratory system in human being
• Cellular respiration
• Respiration – Combustion
• Evolution of gaseous exchange
• Plant respiration

Transportation

• Internal structure of Heart
• Cardiac cycle
• Lymphatic system
• Evolution of transport system
• Blood pressure
• Blood clotting
• Transportation in plants

Excretion

• Excretion in Human beings
• Excretory system
• Structure of Nephron
• Formation of urine
• Dialysis – Artificial kidney
• Accessory Excretory organs in human being (Lungs, skin, liver large intestine)
• Excretion in other organisms
• Excretion in plants
• Excretion, Secretion

Coordination

• Stimulus and response
• Integrated system – Nerves coordination
• Nerve cell structure
• Pathways from stimulus to response
• Reflex arc
• Central nervous system
• Peripheral nervous system
• Coordination without nerves
• Autonomous nervous system
• Coordination in plants – Phytohormones

Reproduction

• Growth of bacteria in milk.
• Asexual reproduction
• Sexual reproduction
• Sexual reproduction in plants
• Cell division – Cell cycle
• Reproductive health – HIV/ AIDS

Coordination in Life Processes

• Hunger
• Relation between taste and smell
• Mouth – a mastication machine
• Passage of food through oesophagus
• Stomach is mixer

Heredity and Evolution

• New Characters – variation
• Experiments conducted by Mendal (F1 generation,F2 generation), Mendel’s Laws
• Parents to offsprings
• Evolution
• Origin of species
• Evolution – Evidences
• Human Evolution

Our Environment

• Ecosystem – Food chain
• Human activities – Their effect on ecosystem
• Biological pest control measures

Natural resources

• Case study – Agricultural land (past and present)
• Case study – Water management
• Water resources in the Telugu States
• Natural resources around us
• Forest Renewable resources
• Fossil fuels
• Conservation, Reduce, Reuse, Recycle, Recover