RBSE 12th Syllabus 2024-25 Released : Download Latest and Revised RBSE 12th Syllabus PDF with Subject-wise

Unit 1: Solutions

Types of solutions, expressing concentration of solutions, solubility, vapour pressure of liquid solution, ideal and non-ideal solutions, colligative properties and determination of molar mass, abnormal molar masses.

Unit 2: Electrochemistry

Electrochemical Cells, Galvanic Cells, Nernst Equation, Conductance of Electrolytic Solutions, Electrolytic Cells and Electrolysis, Batteries, Fuel Cells, Corrosion.

Unit 3: Chemical Kinetics

Rate of a Chemical Reaction, Factors Influencing Rate of a Reaction, Integrated Rate Equations, Temperature Dependence of the Rate of a Reaction, Collision Theory of Chemical Reactions.

Unit 4: d and f Block Elements

Position in the Periodic Table, Electronic Configurations of the d-Block Elements, General Properties of the transition Elements (d-Block), Some Important Compounds of Transition Elements, The Lanthanoids, The Actinoids, Some Applications of d- and f-Block Elements.

Unit 5: Coordination Compounds

Werner's Theory of Coordination Compounds, Definitions of Some Important Terms Pertaining to Coordination Compounds, Nomenclature of Coordination Compounds, Isomerism in Coordination Compounds, Bonding in Coordination Compounds, Bonding in Metal Carbonyls, Importance and Applications of Coordination Compounds.

Unit 6: Haloalkanes and Haloarenes

Classification, Nomenclature, Nature of C-X Bond, Methods of Preparation of Haloalkanes, Preparation of Haloarenes, Physical Properties, Chemical Reactions, Polyhalogen Compounds.

Unit 7: Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers

Classification, Nomenclature, Structures of Functional Groups, Alcohols and Phenols, Some Commercially Important Alcohols, Ethers.

Unit 8: Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids

Nomenclature and Structure of Carbonyl Group, Preparation of Aldehydes and Ketones, Physical Properties, Chemical Reactions, Uses of Aldehydes and Ketones, Nomenclature and Structure of Carboxyl Group, Methods of Preparation of Carboxylic Acids, Physical Properties, Chemical Reactions, Uses of Carboxylic Acids, Benzene: Chemical Formula and Molecular Structure.

Unit 9: Amines

Structure of Amines, Classification, Nomenclature, Preparation of Amines, Physical Properties, Chemical Reactions, Method of Preparation of Diazonium Salts, Physical Properties, Chemical Reactions, Importance of Diazonium Salts in Synthesis of Aromatic Compounds.

Unit 10: Biomolecules

Carbohydrates, Proteins, Enzymes, Vitamins, Nucleic Acids, Hormones.

Chapter 1: Electric Charges and Fields

Electric charge, conductors and insulators, basic properties of electric charge, Coulomb’s law, forces between multiple charges, electric field, electric field lines, electric flux, electric dipole, dipole in a uniform external field, continuous charge distribution, Gauss’s law, applications of Gauss’s law.

Chapter 2: Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance

Electrostatic Potential, Potential due to a Point Charge, Potential due to an Electric Dipole, Potential due to a System of Charges, Equipotential Surfaces, Potential Energy of a System of Charges, Potential Energy in an External Field, Electrostatics of Conductors, Dielectrics and Polarisation, Capacitors and Capacitance, The Parallel Plate Capacitor, Effect of Dielectric on Capacitance, Combination of Capacitors, Energy Stored in a Capacitor (only formula).

Chapter 3: Current Electricity

Electric Current, Electric Currents in Conductors, Ohm’s law, Drift of Electrons and the Origin of Resistivity, Limitations of Ohm’s Law, Resistivity of Various Materials, Temperature Dependence of Resistivity, Electrical Energy, Power, Cells, emf, Internal Resistance, Cells in Series and in Parallel, Kirchhoff’s Rules, Wheatstone Bridge.

Chapter 4: Moving Charges and Magnetism

Magnetic Force, Motion in a Magnetic Field, Magnetic Field due to a Current Element, Biot-Savart Law, Magnetic Field on the Axis of a Circular Current Loop, Ampere’s Circuital Law, The Solenoid, Force between Two Parallel Currents - the Ampere, Torque on Current Loop, Magnetic Dipole, The Moving Coil Galvanometer.

Chapter 5: Magnetism and Matter

The Bar Magnet, Magnetism and Gauss’s Law, Magnetisation and Magnetic Intensity, Magnetic Properties of Materials.

Chapter 6: Electromagnetic Induction

The Experiments of Faraday and Henry, Magnetic Flux, Faraday’s Law of Induction, Lenz’s Law and Conservation of Energy, Motional Electromotive Force, Inductance, AC Generator.

Chapter 7: Alternating Current

AC Voltage Applied to a Resistor, Representation of AC Current and Voltage by Rotating Vectors — Phasors, AC Voltage Applied to an Inductor, AC Voltage Applied to a Capacitor, AC Voltage Applied to a Series LCR Circuit, Power in AC Circuit: The Power Factor, Transformers.

Chapter 8: Electromagnetic Waves

Displacement Current, Electromagnetic Waves, Electromagnetic Spectrum.

Chapter 9: Ray Optics and Optical Instruments

Reflection of Light by Spherical Mirrors, Refraction, Total Internal Reflection, Refraction at Spherical Surfaces and by Lenses, Refraction through a Prism, Optical Instruments.

Chapter 10: Wave Optics

Huygens Principle, Refraction and Reflection of Plane Waves using Huygens Principle, Coherent and Incoherent Addition of Waves, Interference of Light Waves and Young’s Experiment, Diffraction, Polarisation.

Chapter 11: Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter

Electron Emission, Photoelectric Effect, Experimental Study of Photoelectric Effect, Photoelectric Effect and Wave Theory of Light, Einstein’s Photoelectric Equation: Energy Quantum of Radiation, Particle Nature of Light: The Photon, Wave Nature of Matter.

Chapter 12: Atoms

Alpha-particle scattering and Rutherford’s nuclear model of atom, atomic spectra, Bohr model of the hydrogen atom, the line spectra of the hydrogen atom, de Broglie’s explanation of Bohr’s second postulate of quantisation.

Chapter 13: Nuclei

Atomic masses and composition of nucleus, size of the nucleus, mass energy and nuclear binding energy, nuclear force, radioactivity, nuclear energy.

Chapter 14: Semiconductor Electronics: Materials, Devices and Simple Circuits

Classification of Metals, Conductors and Semiconductors, Intrinsic Semiconductor, Extrinsic Semiconductor, p-n Junction, Semiconductor Diode, Application of Junction Diode as a Rectifier.

Unit 1: Macroeconomics

Chapter 1. INTRODUCTION

Chapter 2. NATIONAL INCOME ACCOUNTING

Emergence of Macroeconomics, Context of the Present Book of

Macroeconomics, Basic concepts in macroeconomics, Circular flow of income (two sector model);

Methods of calculating National Income - Value Added or Product method, Expenditure method, Income method. Factor cost, basic prices and market prices, macreoeconomic identities, Real and Nominal GDP, GDP and Welfare.

Unit 2: Money and Banking

Chapter 3. Money and Banking

Functions of Money, demand for money, supply of money, Money creation by the banking system : Balance Sheet of a Fictional Bank, Limits to Credit Creation and Money Multiplier, policy tools to control money supply

Unit 3: Income and Employment

Chapter 4. Determination of Income and Employment

Aggregate demand and its components-consumption, investment, determination of Income in two sector model, Determination of equilibrium with price level, fixed effect of an autonomous change in aggregate

Unit 4: Government Budget

Chapter 5. Government Budget and the Economy

Government budget - meaning, objectives and its components, Objectives of government budget, Classification of receipts , Classification of expenditure,Balanced, surplus, deficit Budget. Measures of government deficit.

Unit 5: Open Economy

Chapter 6. Open Economy-Macroeconomics

Balance of payments, current account, capital account, balance of payments surplus and deficit. Foreign exchange market, Foreign exchange rate, Determination of exchange rate , merits and demerits of flexible and fixed exchange rate systems, managed floating.

Part B: Introductory Microeconomics

Unit 1: Introductory Microeconomics

Chapter 1. INTRODUCTION

A Simple Economy , Central Problems of an Economy , Organisation of Economic Activities ,The Centrally Planned Economy,The Market Economy, Positive and Normative Economics, Microeconomics and Macroeconomics.

Unit 2: CONSUMER BEHAVIOUR

Chapter 2. THEORY OF CONSUMER BEHAVIOUR

Utility, Cardinal Utility Analysis, Ordinal Utility Analysis, The Consumer’s Budget, Budget Set and Budget Line, Changes in the Budget Set, Optimal Choice of the Consumer, Demand, Demand Curve and the Law of Demand, Deriving a Demand Curve from Indifference Curves and Budget Constraints, Normal and Inferior Goods, Substitutes and Complements, Shifts in the Demand Curve , Movements along the Demand Curve and Shifts in the Demand Curve, Market Demand, Elasticity of Demand, Elasticity along a Linear Demand Curve, Factors Determining Price Elasticity of Demand for a Good, Elasticity and Expenditure.

Unit 3: CONCEPTS of PRODUCTION AND COSTS

Chapter 3. PRODUCTION AND COSTS

Production Function. The Short Run and the Long Run. Total Product, Average
Product and Marginal Product. The Law of Diminishing Marginal Product and the
Law of Variable Proportions. Shapes of Total Product, Marginal Product and
Average Product Curves. Returns to Scale, Costs, Short Run and Long Run Costs .

Unit 4: PERFECT COMPETITION

Chapter 4: THE THEORY OF THE FIRM UNDER PERFECT COMPETITION

Supply.Chapter 5: MARKET EQUILIBRIUM

Chapter 6. NON-COMPETITIVE MARKETS

Perfect Competition: Defining Features, Revenue, Profit Maximization, The Profit Maximization Problem: Graphical Representation, Supply Curve of a Firm, Short Run Supply Curve of a Firm. Long Run Supply Curve of a Firm, The Shut Down Point, The Normal Profit and Break-even Point, Determinants of a Firm’s Supply Curve,
Technological Progress, Input Prices, Market Supply Curve, Price Elasticity

Equilibrium, Excess Demand, Excess Supply, Market Equilibrium: Fixed Number of Firms, Market Equilibrium: Free Entry and Exit, Applications, Price Ceiling Price Floor. Simple Monopoly in the Commodity Market, Market Demand Curve is the Average Revenue Curve, Total, Average, and Marginal Revenues, Marginal Revenue and Price Elasticity of Demand, Short Run Equilibrium of the Monopoly Firm, Other Non-perfectly Competitive Markets, Monopolistic Competition, Oligopoly

Chapter 1: The End Of Bipolarity

What was the Soviet System?, Gorbachev and the Soviet Union disintegration, Why did the Soviet Union disintegrate?, Consequences of disintegration, Shock Therapy in post-communist regimes, Consequences of shock therapy, Tension and Conflicts, India and post communist countries.

Chapter 2: Contemporary Centers Of Power

European Union, Associations of South East Asian Nations (ASEAN), the Rise of the Advertisement.

Chapter 3: Contemporary South Asia

What is South Asia?, The Military and Democracy in Pakistan, Democracy in Bangladesh, Monarchy and Democracy in Nepal, Ethnic Conflict and Democracy in Sri Lanka, India-Pakistan Conflicts, India and its other neighbors, Peace and Cooperation.

Chapter 4: International Organisations

Why international organizations?, Evolution of the UNO, Reform of the UNO After the cold war, Jurisdiction of the UNO, India and the UNO Reforms, The UNO in a unipolar world.

Chapter 5: Security in the Contemporary World

What is Security?, Traditional Notions: External, Traditional Notions: Internal, Traditional Security and Cooperation, Non Traditional Notions, New Sources of threats, India's Security Strategy.

Chapter 6: Environment and Natural Resources

Environmental Concerns in Global Politics, The protection of Global Commons, Common but Differentiated Responsibilities, Common Property, India’s stand on Environmental Issues, Environmental Movements: One or Many?, Resource Geopolitics, The Indigenous Peoples and Their Rights.

Chapter 7: Globalisation

The Concept of Globalisation, Causes of Globalisation, Consequences of Globalisation, India and Globalisation, Resistance to Globalisation, India and Resistance to Globalisation.

Chapter 8: Challenges of Nation Building

Challenges for the new nation, Three Challenges, Partition: Displacement and rehabilitation, Process of Partition, Consequences of Partition, Integration of Princely States, Government's approach, Reorganisations of States.

Chapter 9: Era of One-Party Dominance

Challenge of Building democracy, Congress dominance in the first three general elections, Nature of Congress dominance, Emergence of opposition parties.

Chapter 10: Politics of Planned Development

Political Contestation, The Early Initiatives, The first five year plan, Rapid Industrialisation, Decentralized planning.

Chapter 11: India’s External Relations

International Context, The policy of non- alignment, Peace and Conflict with China, Wars and peace with Pakistan, India's nuclear policy.

Chapter 12: Challenge to and Restoration of The Congress System

Challenge of political succession, Fourth general elections, 1967, Split in the Congress, the 1971 Election and Restoration of Congress.

Chapter 13: The Crisis of the Democratic Order

Background to Emergency, Declaration of Emergency, Regarding Emergency, Politics after Emergency.

Chapter 14: Regional Aspirations

Region and Nation, Jammu and Kashmir, Punjab, The north-east, Movements against outsiders, Accommodation and national integration.

Chapter 15: Recent Developments in Indian Politics

Concept of the 1990’s, era of Coalitions, Alliance politics, Political rise of other backward classes, The Mandal commission, Communalism, Secularism, Democracy, Emergence of a new consensus.