CBSE Class 10 Syllabus 2025-26 Released : Download Latest and Revised CBSE Class 10th Syllabus PDF with Subject-wise

I: Number Systems

Real Number

Fundamental Theorem of Arithmetic - statements after reviewing work done earlier and after illustrating and motivating through examples, Proofs of the irrationality of under-root 2, 3, 5

15

II: Algebra

Polynomials

Zeros of a polynomial. Relationship between zeros and coefficients of quadratic

polynomials.

8

-

Pair of Linear Equations in Two Variables

Pair of linear equations in two variables and graphical method of their solution, consistency/inconsistency.

Algebraic conditions for several solutions. Solution of a pair of linear equations in two

variables algebraically - by substitution, by elimination. Simple situational problems.

15

-

Quadratic Equations

Standard form of a quadratic equation ax2 + bx + c = 0, (a ≠ 0). Solutions of quadratic

equations (only real roots) by factorization, and by using quadratic formula. Relationship

between discriminant and nature of roots.

Situational problems based on quadratic equations related to day-to-day activities to be

incorporated.

15

-

Arithmetic Progressions

Motivation for studying Arithmetic Progression Derivation of the nth term and sum of the

first n terms of A.P. and their application in solving daily life problems.

10

III: Coordinate Geometry

Coordinate Geometry

Review: Concepts of coordinate geometry, graphs of linear equations. Distance formula.

Section formula (internal division).

15

IV: Geometry

Triangles

- Definitions, examples, and counter examples of similar triangles

Proof and motivation of various theorems on similar triangles

15

Circles

- Tangent to a circle at point of contact

Proof of theorems on tangents to circles

10

V: Trigonometry

Introduction to Trigonometry

- Trigonometric ratios of an acute angle<br> - Proof of their existence

Values of trigonometric ratios of 30°, 45°, 60°

Relationships between the ratios

10

Trigonometric Identities

- Proof and applications of the identity sin²A + cos²A = 1

Simple identities

15

Heights and Distances

- Simple problems on heights and distances

Angles of elevation/depression (30°, 45°, 60°)

10

VI: Mensuration

Areas Related to Circles

- Area of sectors and segments

Problems based on areas and perimeter/circumference

12

Surface Areas and Volumes

- Surface areas and volumes of combinations of cubes, cuboids, spheres, hemispheres, and cylinders/cones

12

VII: Statistics and Probability

Statistics

- Mean, median, and mode of grouped data

18

Probability

- Classical definition of probability

Simple problems

10

I.

Chemical Substances-Nature and Behaviour

Chemical reactions: Chemical equation, Balanced chemical equation, implications of a balanced chemical equation, types of chemical reactions: combination, decomposition, displacement, double displacement, precipitation, endothermic exothermic reactions, oxidation, and reduction.

Acids, bases, and salts: Their definitions in terms of furnishing of H+ and OH– ions, General properties, examples and uses, neutralization, concept of pH scale (Definition relating to logarithm not required), importance of pH in everyday life; preparation and uses of Sodium Hydroxide, Bleaching powder, Baking soda, Washing soda and Plaster of Paris.

Metals and nonmetals: Properties of metals and non-metals; Reactivity series; Formation and properties of ionic compounds; Basic metallurgical processes; Corrosion and its prevention. Carbon compounds: Covalent bonding in carbon compounds. Versatile nature of carbon.

Homologous series. Nomenclature of carbon compounds containing functional groups (halogens, alcohol, ketones, aldehydes, alkanes and alkynes), difference between saturated hydro carbons and unsaturated hydrocarbons. Chemical properties of carbon compounds (combustion, oxidation, addition and substitution reaction). Ethanol and Ethanoic acid (only properties and uses), soaps and detergents

25

II.

World of Living

Life processes: ‘Living Being’. Basic concept of nutrition, respiration, transport and excretion in plants and animals.

Control and co-ordination in animals and plants: Tropic movements in plants; Introduction of plant hormones; Control and co-ordination in animals: Nervous system; Voluntary, involuntary and reflex action; Chemical co-ordination: animal hormones.

Reproduction: Reproduction in animals and plants (asexual and sexual) reproductive health - need and methods of family planning. Safe sex vs HIV/AIDS. Child bearing and women’s health.

Heredity and Evolution: Heredity; Mendel’s contribution- Laws for inheritance of traits: Sex determination: brief introduction: (topics excluded - evolution; evolution and classification and evolution should not be equated with progress).

25

III.

Natural Phenomena

Reflection of light by curved surfaces; Images formed by spherical mirrors, center of curvature, principal axis, principal focus, focal length, mirror formula (Derivation not required), magnification.

Refraction; Laws of refraction, refractive index.

Refraction of light by spherical lens; Image formed by spherical lenses; Lens formula (Derivation not required); Magnification. Power of a lens.

Functioning of a lens in human eye, defects of vision and their corrections, applications of spherical mirrors and lenses.

Refraction of light through a prism, dispersion of light, scattering of light, applications in dailylife (excluding colour of the sun at sunrise and sunset).

12

IV.

Effects of Current

Electric current, potential difference and electric current. Ohm’s law; Resistance, Resistivity, Factors on which the resistance of a conductor depends. Series combination of resistors, parallel combination of resistors and its applications in daily life. Heating effect of electric current and its applications in daily life. Electric power, Interrelation between P, V, I and R.

Magnetic effects of current: Magnetic field, field lines, field due to a current carrying conductor, field due to current carrying coil or solenoid; Force on current carrying conductor, Fleming’s Left Hand Rule, Direct current. Alternating current: frequency of AC. Advantage of AC over DC.

Domestic electric circuits

13

V.

Natural Resources

Our environment: Eco-system, Environmental problems, Ozone depletion, waste production and their solutions. Biodegradable and non-biodegradable substances

05

-

Total

-

80

History

The Rise of Nationalism in Europe.

Nationalism in India:

The Making of a Global World Sub topics1 to 1.3

Print Culture and the Modern World

Map pointing

18 + 2

25%

Political Science

Power – sharing

Federalism

Gender, Religion and Caste

Political Parties

Outcomes of Democracy

20

25%

Geography

Resources and Development

Forest and Wildlife Resources

Water Resources

Agriculture

Mineral& Energy resources

Manufacturing industries.

Lifelines of National Economy (map pointing)

Map pointing

17+3

25%

Economics

Development

Sectors of the Indian Economy

Money and Credit

Globalization and The Indian Economy

Sub-topics:

What is Globalization?

Factors that have enabled Globalisation

20

25%

Periodic Assessment

Pen Paper Test

5

Multiple Assessment

Quiz, debate, role play, viva, group discussion, visual expression, interactive bulletin boards, gallery walks, exit cards, concept maps, peer assessment, self-assessment, etc. through interdisciplinary project

5

Subject Enrichment Activity

Project Work on Consumer Rights OR Social Issues OR Sustainable Development

5

Portfolio

Classwork, work done (activities/assignments), reflections, narrations, journals, etc. Achievements of the student in the subject throughout the year. Participation of the student in different activities like heritage India quiz

5

UNIT I-NUMBER SYSTEMS

REAL NUMBERS

Euclid’s division lemma

UNIT II-ALGEBRA

POLYNOMIALS

Statement and simple problems on division algorithm for polynomials with real coefficients.

PAIR OF LINEAR EQUATIONS IN TWO VARIABLES

cross multiplication method

QUADRATIC EQUATIONS

Situational problems based on equations reducible to a quadratic equation

ARITHMETIC PROGRESSIONS

Application in solving daily life problems based on a sum to n terms

UNIT III-COORDINATE GEOMETRY

COORDINATE GEOMETRY

Area of a triangle.

UNIT IV-GEOMETRY

TRIANGLES

Proof of the following theorems is deleted

• The ratio of the areas of two similar triangles is equal to the ratio of the squares of their corresponding sides.
• In a triangle, if the square on one side is equal to the sum of the squares on the other two sides, the angle
• opposite to the first side is a right angle.

CIRCLES

No deletion

CONSTRUCTIONS

Construction of a triangle similar to a given triangle.

UNIT V- TRIGONOMETRY

INTRODUCTION TO TRIGONOMETRY

motivate the ratios that are defined at 0o and 90o

TRIGONOMETRIC IDENTITIES

Trigonometric ratios of complementary angles

HEIGHTS AND DISTANCES

No deletion

UNIT VI-MENSURATION

AREAS RELATED TO CIRCLES

Problems with the central angle of 120°

SURFACE AREAS AND VOLUMES

Frustum of a cone.

UNIT VI-STATISTICS & PROBABILITY

STATISTICS

Step Deviation Method for finding the mean cumulative Frequency graph

PROBABILITY

No deletion

Unit I: Chemical Substances – Nature and Behavior

• Metals and Non-metals: Basic Metallurgical processes; Corrosion and its prevention
• Carbon and its Compounds: Nomenclature of carbon compounds containing functional groups (halogens, alcohol, ketones, aldehydes, alkanes, and alkynes), the difference between saturated hydrocarbons and unsaturated hydrocarbons. Chemical properties of carbon compounds (combustion, oxidation, addition, and substitution reaction). Ethanol and Ethanoic acid (only properties and uses), soaps, and detergents.

Unit II: World of Living

• Control and coordination in animals and plants: Tropic movements in plants; Introduction of plant hormones; Control and coordination in animals: Nervous system; Voluntary, involuntary, and reflex action; Chemical co-ordination: animal hormones.
• Heredity and Evolution: The Basic Concepts of Evolution.

Unit III: Natural Phenomena

• The Human Eye and the Colorful World: Functioning of a lens in the human eye, defects of vision and their corrections, applications of spherical mirrors and lenses.

Unit IV: Effects of Current

• Magnetic Effects of Electric Current: Electric Generator, Direct current. Alternating current: frequency of AC. Advantage of AC over DC. Domestic electric circuits.

Unit V: Natural Resources

• Sources of energy: Different forms of energy, conventional and non-conventional sources of energy: Fossil fuels, solar energy; biogas; wind, water, and tidal energy; Nuclear energy. Renewable versus non-renewable sources of Energy.

UNIT 1: INDIA AND THE CONTEMPORARY WORLD –II (HISTORY)

1.

Section 2: Livelihoods, Economies, and Societies NOTE- ANYONE OUT OF THESE TWO CHAPTERS (CH-3/CH4)

Chapter 3: The Making of a Global World Chapter 4: The Age of Industrialisation

The chosen Chapter is to be assessed in the Periodic Tests and not in Board Examination.

2.

Section 3: Everyday Life, Culture, and Politics

Chapter 5: Print Culture and the Modern World

Complete Chapter

UNIT 2: CONTEMPORARY INDIA – II (GEOGRAPHY)

3

Chapter 2: Forest and Wildlife

Complete Chapter

4

Chapter 3: Water Resources

Complete the Chapter except for Map Items which will be assessed in the Examination

5

Chapter 5: Mineral and Energy Resources

Complete the Chapter except for Map Items which will be assessed in the Examination

UNIT 3: DEMOCRATIC POLITICS –II (POLITICAL SCIENCE)

6

Chapter 3: Democracy and Diversity

Complete Chapter

7

Chapter 4: Gender, Religion, and Caste

Complete Chapter

8

Chapter 5: Popular Struggles and Movements

Complete Chapter

9

Chapter 8: Challenges to Democracy

Complete Chapter

Grammar

• Use of Passive Voice
• Clauses: Noun, Adverb Clauses of condition and time, Relative Prepositions

English First Flight Syllabus

First Flight Literature

How to Tell Wild Animals

Trees

Fog

Mijbil the Otter

For Anne Gregory

English Footprints Without Feet Syllabus

• The Midnight Visitor
• A Question of Trust
• The Book That Saved The Earth